Bio cell unit 2

Question 0

SA

V

Answer 0

amt. supporting cell

higher on small cells

Question 1

increase surface area

Answer 1

increase volume

then ratio of SA/V goes down

Question 2

surface area

Answer 2

cell membrane

Question 3

volume

Answer 3

cytoplasm

Question 4

prokaryotic

Answer 4

cell membrane
DNA (circular)
ribosomes
3.7 billion
-cell wall (peptidglycogen)
-capsule (carbohydrate) help adhere
-flagela (protein) movement
-pilli (protein) adhere

Question 5

asexxual

Answer 5

binary fission

Question 6

virus

Answer 6

send their DNA in to cell, tell ribosomes to make enzymes that destroy host DNA

Question 7

Eukaryotic

Answer 7

1.5 billion

Question 8

ribosome

Answer 8

builds protein, made of rRNA, reads instruction on mRNA to make protein

Question 9

protein needs to be exported

Answer 9

ribosomes pushes enzymes into ER through pores, enzymes foes to a corner in ER end exits through vesicles (budding).
goes into golgi, exits with destination tag, leves cell (exocytosis

Question 10

golgi

Answer 10

have enzymes
modify
activate
destinates (ships it to final destination

Question 11

motor protein

Answer 11

grabs holds of vesicles and move it to where it needs to go

Question 12

cytotoskeleton

Answer 12

protein fiber, support for cellular shape, provides tracks for motor protein,
microtubules

Question 13

endomembranic system

Answer 13

making protein putting them into membranous structure, then transport them

Question 14

where protein need to go

Answer 14

1. cytoplasm
2. export
3. cell membrane
4. vacuole

Question 15

protein to membrane

Answer 15

exit golgi, inside vesicle with identification marker, enzyme becomes part of vesicle membrane, vesicle membrane becomes part of cell membrane, become channel protein

Question 16

endocytosis

Answer 16

big cell eating smalll cell.
big cell eats bacteria, bacteria covered in a vacuole (cells need to break down into monomers-hydrolysis using enzyme called intra cellular digestion. not needed in humans bc of digestive system.

Question 17

endocytosis contin

Answer 17

lysosomes (have hydrolytic enzymes) digest bacteria

Question 18

endosymbiotic theory

Answer 18

prokaryote eat small prokaryote becomes eukaryote, symbiotic relationship: help eachother

Question 19

invagination

Answer 19

indentation in cell membrane, help maintain SA-V ratio while getting bigger
formation of nucleus

Question 20

funsction of integral protein

Answer 20

transport

ID tag

Question 21

transport

cell membrane

Answer 21

channel protein-specificity. theres always more ___ in ECM bc it gets broken down in cell

Question 22

double membrane

Answer 22

mitochondria and chloroplast

Question 23

diffusion

Answer 23

natural movement, concentrated gradient

-using protein: facilitated diffusion- passive process, no energy

Question 24

neuron

Answer 24

sodium + higher outside, diffusion faciliated when receive message, protein dendrite opens up and continnues down, sodium spreads out, electrical charge gets weaker. equilibrium. close channel. pumps (protein) gets sodium out (active tranport)

Question 25

ID tags

Answer 25

for immune system to know if something belong, glycoprotein complex, diff sugar sequence like DNA

Question 26

diffuse

Answer 26

solutes don’t except glucose, O2, CO2

Question 27

Hypertonic

Answer 27

water out, cell shrivel

Question 28

hypotonic

Answer 28

water in, cell swell