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11th grade > Apush 4 > Flashcards

Apush 4 Flashcards

1
Q

1840s and 50s

A

expansion westward, mainfest destiny, nationalism, popilaion in, tech adv. (slavery)

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2
Q

texas 1820-1830s

A

mexico want settelers (not populated). Austin bought some families there. US migrate, more US than ME

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3
Q

causes of texas rebel

A

1829: ME stoped slavery and requre catholic conversion and stoped immingration (US ignored) and resistance
change in gov- Lopez (dctator) n end fed gov and force laws on texas

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4
Q

causes of texas rebel pt.2

A

1836 Houston revolt n decleared indep. Mexico killed some town. Battle San Jancinto Riv: US caught sana anna and forced treaty for indep (north rio grande), M legis reject

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5
Q

texas annex

A

P. Jackson n Buren declined bc slave there and threat of war

P. TYler (S) 1840) wanted bc brit infleunce on it. senate no

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6
Q

Main boundary disute Aroostook war 1840

A

bte lumbermen-fighting. neogitated treaty (Webster-Ashburton Treaty) and settle minnesota bound

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7
Q

Oregon boundary

A

Brit: Hudson Fur Company
US: c;aim discovered by US, Lewis n Clark

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8
Q

Oregon fever

A

missionary n farmer fertile vally

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9
Q

election 1844

A

Buren - no annex texas (NOrth whig) vs Calhoun

stalemate. dem wanted dark hourse (lesser known P) called Polk. Clay changed mind and lost vote

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10
Q

Polk 1840s

A

expansion and manifest

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11
Q

annexing texas

A

tyler wanted it- congr- joint resoltion (majority in eac house)

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12
Q

Oregon

A

divided btw brit n US

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13
Q

Mexico war

A

polk, send Sidell to get ME to sell LA and NM and settle texas border. failed.
ME: border at Nueces
US: rio grande

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14
Q

CAuses of ME war

A

polk order army to Rio grande, ME army crossed and killed someppl. Polk used it to justiy war. North whig opposed (Lincoln) approved war

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15
Q

during ME war

A

in ME teritory, mexico city captured, US small armies

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16
Q

Consequence of ME war- end 1848

A

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
rio grand border
us take LA n NM (mexican cession), us paid 15mil back

whig opposed it (slavery)
S dem: wanted all of ME, S wanted latin and cuba/plantation
increased NS tension

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17
Q

wilmot proviso

A

during ME war,

wilmot propose that his bills (forbid slavery in new territories from ME) passed house but not senate

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18
Q

ostend Manifesto

A

polk offered to buy Cuba from spain but no, some US tried to take it by forced but failed. !850 P.Pierce send dipolmate to negoitate with spain over cuba, manufest leaked and antislavery angry, droped cuba

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19
Q

walker expedition

A

tried to take Baja California n S nicaragia (proslavery central america wanted) but dfeated by central A countries

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20
Q

clayton-Bulwer treaty 1850

A

wanted to biuld cnal through centralA, brit wanted to do it too, us and brit treaty+ no one will take control over fututre canals here

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21
Q

gadsden purchase

A

P.Pierce: added land to southwest for railroads sold from Mexico

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22
Q

1870

A

us purchesed alaska

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23
Q

after getting oregon and LA 1850s-1860s

A

us migrated, land btw misis and pacific: Great American Desert (not settled)

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24
Q

mtn men 50-70

A

fur trader, far west, provided info about trials and frontier conditions

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25
Q

overland trials 50-70

A

poinerrs made journies to clear forest in La n oregon. there were trialed ofr them (oregon, sanata fe, and mormon) harsh journey

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26
Q

mining 50-70

A

gold in california- migrations (from everywhere-china) to west. other gold/silver rushes in other west territories. bought ppl west and town set up

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27
Q

farming

A

move west to farm and home (rich ppl) middle class, isolatedm communities developed

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28
Q

congress Preemtion Acts 30-40

A

squatters can settle public land for low prices from gov

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29
Q

Urban 50-70

A

west citites from bc railroad mine n farm.

san fransciso/denver bc rushes

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30
Q

growth econ 40-60

A

factory textile mills spread to northeast from brit. -railroads
howe invented sewing
morse-telegraph

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31
Q

40s-50s railroads

A

expand rail lines northeast n midwest, biggest industry, gov heped. illinois central railroad-fed grant, promote west afri

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32
Q

agri growth- west grain n south cotton

growth manufactured goods

A

large grouth export/imports

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33
Q

us expanded trade 1850s

A

whale boom (oil)
improve shop design- clipper ship fast
steamship then took over clipper (storage)
us got japan to open ports for us treaty

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34
Q

panic 1857

A

prices farmersdroped and unemply increased in north

south unaffected

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35
Q

causes of conflice NS

A

slavery
constitutional disputes
econ differences
politics

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36
Q

50-60

A

sectionalism intense

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37
Q

freesoil party

A

north dem/whig want wilmote proviso
abolitionist.
this party are north who don’t want slav in new territ and allow free land to farmer and intern improve
antislavery whig and demo

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38
Q

popular soverighnty

A

cass, dem

squatter: compromise

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39
Q

election 1848

A

taylor won for whig

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40
Q

compromise 1850

A

LA drafted constit baned slave. P.Talyor supported (NM free too). some radicals wanted secession S. clay compromise

  • ca free
  • divide left mexican cession into utah n NM and allow opoular soverighnty
  • ban slave trade is capital
  • adopt fugitive slave law
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41
Q

50-54 fugitive slave act

A

track down slaves in the north and send them back to owners

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42
Q

underground railroad 50s

A

free blacks n abolitionis help escaped slave reahc north/cansada

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43
Q

books on slavery 50-54

A

uncle tom’s cabin: about slave and owner, antisalvery- cruelty

impending crisis of the south: stat show slavery weakiened econ

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44
Q

south’s slave justification

A

positive fir slave and masterer, bible, wage workers like slave but slave is better

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45
Q

election 1852- demo n whig weakened

A

whig-ignored slavery, focused on internal improv but did not work, party almost broke apart
demo: pierce, support fugivie law

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46
Q

Kansas nebraska act 1854

A

douglas senator wanted to build railroad and west settlement n win south approv for a transcontinental railroad. s wanted it to be more in the south. doughlas passed bill to divide territy into kansas and nebraska-popular soverighnty. doesn’t fit missouri compromise. was into law

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47
Q

bleeding kansas 50

A

antislave farmer there, slavowners came too. Free soilers: NE emigrant aid compnay paid for transportation aniti to kan. fihting broke out. 2 legilaroe, pro destroyed homes and killed, anti kiled

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48
Q

SUMNER56

A

VIOLENCE JANSAS to senate, sumner attacked demo (esp butler) butler’s nephew beat sumner

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49
Q

know nothing party 50

A

oppose catholic n immigrants in north, weakened whig, lost influence

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50
Q

republican 50

A

bc kannebract free soiler and antislav whig/demo, no spread of slavery. want repeal of kansas nebras n fugitive slave. abolitionist joined

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51
Q

election of 1856

A

demo won over repub and knownothing, Buchanan (weak president

52
Q

Lecompton constitution 50

Buchanan

A

constitution of kanses accept/reject wanted to accept south’s, congress declined

53
Q

dred scott v sandford 50

A 
scott was in slavery then taken to free torritory the nreturned to missouri. scott blieved that he is free and sued for freedom. Rling
-AA not citizen (cant sue)
_congress cant take away property
-missouri compromis unconsitiutional
all west opened to slvary
54
Q

lincoln douglas debates 58

A

doouglas wants reelection as senate, licoln challenged him (moderate) freeport doctrine, made south hate douglas, douglas won

55
Q

freeport doctrine

A

slavery could not exist if the local citizens did not pass laws (slave codes) maintaining it

56
Q

south fear

A

high tarrif, hurts only south

57
Q

election 1860

A

democrate stalemate in nomination zux south hates douglas, slave states walked out and held their own convetion

republican: prtoective tariff, unternal improve for western settlement, railroad to pacific-Lincoln.south secede if lincoln became president
Nuchanan still president.

58
Q

constitutional union party

A

former whig, know nothing, moderate demo

perserve unuon, enforce law`

59
Q

60 sc after election

A

voted to secede, other states then leave. confederate states have constitution that limites gocc power for tarrif and restric presidnet. P.Davis

60
Q

last effort to save union

ctittenden compromise

A

propose admendment for right to hold slaves in all sterritories south of a parallel. lincoln said no

61
Q

civila war 60 begin

for sumter

A

was in SC and blockade by south, Lincoln send in food. SC fired, N won

Lincoln used alot of power and ignore congress

62
Q

seced

A 
before sumter, some seced deep south
after: uppor south seced
confed capital richmond virgin
weest virgin royal so split
4 slave state stayed (border) n if joined: would increase confed popula
63
Q

military

A

confed: defensive war, shorter supply line, hard to blockade coastline, good leaders and high morale in troop 5.5 mil white

Union: offensive, high population 22 mil, US navy; inexperienced troop

64
Q

Economic

A

confed: depended on euro demand for cotton

Union:dominated econ, banking, over 50% of facteries, railroads, farmland

65
Q

Political

A

Confed: lacked strong central gov and publick support (needed to win) VP stepehns urg GA to seced from confed

Union: had central gov and parties had strong suport

66
Q

confed

A

constitution give single 6 yr term and can veto part if the bill. congress cant levy tariff and no fund for internal improv. no foreign slave trade. no money-inflation

67
Q

61-62 war, union lost most

A
  • Bull Run; union to DC n attack confed its counterattacked n union retreated
  • 2nd bul run: confed attacked union in north vi
68
Q

General Scott union strategy

A

us navy to blackade ports
take control of mississ River
raise an army to get richmond

69
Q

peninsula campaign

A

union invade virginia but stopped and retreated

70
Q

Antietam

A

Confed to maryland in union (vicotry would get brit support)bloodies battlle in a singleday. confed retreated

71
Q

generals

A

union: mcClellan (fired 2x) burnside, grant, farragut
Confed: lee

72
Q

Fredericksburg

A

uniion attacked confed and both side ssuffred, reckless attacked

73
Q

anacondra prob

A

confed ship Merrimac attacked union ships. its was ironclad, union send in its on called Monitor. ended in stalement

74
Q

union control of missipipe

A

tenesse: union captored some fort on missippit, confed attacked but was forced to retreat, alot died on both sides. union got new orleans

75
Q

trent affair

A 
confed diplomates (Mason n Slidell)  travel to england ons british steamer (Trent) to gain recognition for gov. union stopped the ship and made them prisoners. brite threatened war n want them let free. union did
no recognition 
no euro intervention over all
76
Q

confed with brit ships

A

confed commerce raiders harmed union merchant ships (ex. Alabama) brit paid union for damages caused by confed and stopall ship sales to them

77
Q

brit not recognizing confed

A
  • antietam

- emancipation proclamation appealed to brit

78
Q

slavery

A

lincoln hesitiant to take actions.

79
Q

Confiscation Acts

A

union general butler refuse to return captured slaves bc theyre contraband of war. congress passed act: legal for enemy to seize property and freed ppl who are enslaved by ppl in rebellion to US

80
Q

emancipation proclamtion

A

freed slaves in states that are at war with union after antietnam.
freed little slaves bc border still had them and freed slaves can join union army
23th admendment after war: freed all slaves

81
Q

freedman

A

alot of exslaves joined union army n navy

82
Q

cvilar war 63-65

A

union sucess

83
Q

confed deated

A

-vicksburg. union wanted it sto control missip, confed surrendered

84
Q

gettysburg

A

confed to union territoru to try n capture a city. confed lost

85
Q

sherman’s march

A

marched thorugh ga n parts of sourrounding states, destroyed everything in path that confed needs o survive n took atlanta. broke spirit of confed

86
Q

election of 64

A

licoln won

87
Q

end of war

A

confed: hunger. confed want negotiation. lee forced to surrender. booth shot lincoln and secretary state was attacked

88
Q

poltical after war

A

reublican: radical/abolitionist n moderate
democrate: peacen copperhead: oppose war n want peace (vallandigam
central gov had power over state

89
Q

during war habeas corpus

A

lincoln suspened it can be arrested w/o knowing charge, accused helo w/o trial

90
Q

both sides drafted during war

A

irish against it n poor

91
Q

finance of war

A

both used sale of gov bond. confed raised Morrill tariff and tac. prices rose in north. congress created a national banking system

92
Q

war modernized north

A

increaded mass production and helped industry,

93
Q

republicans controlled congress and passed

A

tarrif to hlep manufacturoers; homstead act promotes settlement of great plains. morril land grant act: help maintain colleges. pacific railway act: aithorize transcontinental railcora in north

94
Q

social change cuz of war

A

women more responsibility and took en job and help soldiers, when war endedL came back to normal

  1. fild nursing was now open to women first time
    2: started movment for women voting right
95
Q

reconstruction 63-67

A

rebuilding south

96
Q

lincoln reconstruction policy

Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconsturction

A

(they never left union, were just disloyal rebeelion)
unions in charge of state gov in south.
1. one presedential parden for those who took allgiance oath and acceptated emancipation of slaves
2. state gov accepted if 10% of votors took loyalty oath.

each state would write new constititution to stop slavert

97
Q

wade davis bill

A

50% of vtors take loyalty oath and allowed only nonconfed to vote for new constitution. lincoln did not like this billl

98
Q

freedman bureau

A

welfare agency provided food, shelter, and medical for blacks n homless white and established schools for these ppl

99
Q

lincoln’s last speech

A

want north to accept lusisianna as reconstructed state

100
Q

Johnson-olitican help poor white, was loyal in conded state, tennese gov, was white sumpremises. became presisdent

A

reonctruction plan
1. all former leadrs of confed and those with money in property lost right to vote n hold offcie
did not have lasting effect

former confed leaders r n senate

101
Q

black codes

A

restricted rights of AA. prohobit blacks from renting land or borrowing money to buy land, placed them into work contracts and prohbit testiffying against white

102
Q

democratic party revived in house

A

many radical republicans wanted harsher s treatment and equal riights

103
Q

civil right act of 1866

A

said that all AA are citiens and wanted to stop black codes. was rejected by johnson

104
Q

14 admendment

A

all person born/naturalized in US were cititzens n states have to be equal. confed leaders can hold offices no accepting debts of confed

105
Q

joint commitee

A

of bouth house and senate said that former cnfed sats cant b respresented in congress n congress should be responsible for reconostruction

106
Q

election 1866

A

johnson no job in congress and verbally/speech attacked oponents
wavng bloody shirt- republicsns said south were demo and so all demo is rebellous, republican won election

107
Q

reconstruction acts of 1867

A

south in military occupation, divided coned states into military district under union control n constitution iclude 14 admen and all males can vote. johnson vetoed but still passed. republican controlled gov during this time

108
Q

johnson’s end

A

congress ppassed tenure of office act: cpresident cant remove fed official/miliatray commanders with senate’s opinion. johnson dismissed someone and house impeached hm, but in trial, did not

109
Q

election of 1868

A

repub: grant-war heroe

110
Q

15th admendemtn

A

prohibit states from denying citizen’s right to vote on account of face and job

111
Q

civil rights act of 1875

A

equal accomodation in public places and aa can b in juries, not enforced

112
Q

SC only state with aa controled gov

A

north webt to south

113
Q

AA congress

A

bruce n revels

114
Q

republicans in south

A

euqakuty n impernal improv, establish institution n public school
corrupted, wateful spending

115
Q

corruption

A

everywhere

116
Q

AA in south

A

independ churches and schools/colleges for blacks made by blacks and move to frontier

117
Q

sharcropping

A

white landwoners cant force laber contract so they provide seed and other farm sipplies for a shalre of harvest. whites did this too but always dependent and in debt

118
Q

North- spoilsmen

A

conkling n blaine, senators fiving jobs to their supporting, corruption in north

119
Q

corruption in north

A

business n political.
Gould scheme to corner gold marker
Mobilier affair- ppl give moeny to congeess to avoid investifation. grant was naaive among courrpe
-whiskey ring-dfraud
-tweed- alot of schemes n stole from txpayer

120
Q

election of 1872

A

reformrepub-greely and demop also agree

norm repub choose grant n he won

121
Q

panic of 1873

A

north laborers jobless n homeless, overbuilding=business failures. fix=money backed up by gold

122
Q

end of reconstruction 70

A

southern redeemers took control of states: states right, reduce taces , white supremacy
Force Acts against KKK

123
Q

amnesty act of 1872

A

removed restriction on exconfed except top leafers

124
Q

election 1876

A

democrat won: tilden fought courruption. 3 states under trrop vote for hayes and had to send it to house of representative

125
Q

compromise 1877

A

demo allow hayes but he has to end republicans troops in south and build transconinental railroad in south

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