bio hereditary Flashcards
epistacious
genes that impact the expression of another gene
hair follicle cell
gene for hair colorcodes for keratin n send to golgi where enzyme work on it.
recesive: nonfunctional golgi enzume
albino/no pigment
polygenic inheritance
many genes determine the trait (bell curve)
- skin
- height-18
skin color
determined by 10 genes located on diff chromosome
norm: produce keratin-dominant (darker skin)
abnorm: no keratin produced (recessive-light)
pedigree
chart that tracks characteristic generations in family (history) to predict the future
box shades in=have disease.
Cc=carrier of recessive
recessive disorder
result of mutated gene that creates an inability
- cystic fibrous: can’t regulate water CFTr gene; fluid secreted are thick n sticky/blockage
- PKU: can’t process phenylalane (protein in food) can’t create enzyme that breaks it down
- sickle cell anemia: have abnormal hemoglobin (S) in RBC not enough O2 carried, blocks vessles
Dominant disorder
gene gives ability to do something
- Huntington’s Disease
norm: recessive (enzyme repairs neuron)
abnorm: dominant: breaks down neuron
Mendel vs Morgan
dormant-wild type
recessive-mutant
capital-lowercase w/+
morgan monohybrid cross
fruit flies
f: dominantred
m: recessive white
F1: 100%red
F2: 75red,25white
all male white
eye color gene is on X chromosome
xy
only pair that is non homologous, if get a mutant/recessive gene on x then theres no backup and disease is present
morgan’s dihybrid test cross (2 traits)
BbWw x bbww
parental: looks like parent: highest number
recombinant: least #
both gene is on the same tetrad/chromosome-independent assortment didn’t work
crossing over works
test cross
to figure out genotype of wild type
wild type x mutant
Rf (genes experience crossing over ___ % of time
R
(R+P)
all times 100
crossing over
cuts more likely to occur when the 2 genes are further apart on chromosome.
if furthur apart then more recombant and higher Rf%
autosomal
recieve 2 genes for characteristic, not sex linked
