bio dna quiz

Question 1

nucleotide I

Answer 1

phosphate group
pentose sugar (5C)
nitrogenous base

DNA runsantiparallel

Question 2

pentose sugar

Answer 2

DNA: deoxyribose c5h10o4
RNA: ribose C5H10o5

Question 3

pyrimidines

Answer 3

single ring nitrogenous base
cytosine
thymine

Question 4

purines

Answer 4

double ring nitrogenous base
adenine
guanine

Question 5

bonds

Answer 5

phosphodyester linkage: covalent bond btw phosphate group and sugar

Question 6

DNA replication

Answer 6

hydrogen bond first then phosphodyester link
new nucleotides have 3 phospahte group
starts at origin of replication

Question 7

Helicase

Answer 7

breaks hydrogen bond

unzips DNA

Question 8

SSBP

Answer 8

holds strand apart

Question 9

DNA polymerase

Answer 9

reads template strand and conduct complementary strand

Question 10

DNA polymerase extended

Answer 10

cannot initiate building new strand.
primase: enzyme that builds begining (short) w/RNA then later is replaced
new strand 5-3
grabs phsphate n attach it to sugar

Question 11

lagging strand

Answer 11

jumps forawrd then would build back word leaving fragments

ligase form covalent okazaki bond

Question 12

protein synthesis

Answer 12

DNA-protein-traits
20 types of amino acid
peptide bond combine aa

Question 13

amino acid level of structure

Answer 13

primary= link aa in spec order
secondary fold over
tertiary globular
quaternary 2 tertiary

Question 14

gene

Answer 14

spec sequence of DNA nucleotides that code for spec protein

a spec order nucleotide to create a spec order of aa

3 nucleotide=1 aa

Question 15

1 strand used for RNA

Answer 15

ghost strand is not use

Question 16

space btw gene sequence

Answer 16

promoter sequence: before a gene

Question 17

transcription

Answer 17

mRNA (copy of DNA) complement was made.
initiation: RNA polymerase reads DNA template: builds 5-3: premRNA

promoter-terminator
RNA polymerase starts in the middle of tatabox so no nucleotide is missing

Question 18

processing

dicing/splicing

Answer 18

premRNA edited into shorter functional=mRNA
has exon: expressed
intron=is cut out but can b combined together to form another mRNA (alternative splicing)

Question 19

translation

Answer 19

ribosome (rRNA)reads mRNA to compose aa together

Question 20

RNA

Answer 20

AUCG

Question 21

tRNA

Answer 21

tranfer

bring aa to ribosome in spec order that is coded from mRNA

Question 22

grifith

Answer 22

injected encap virus=mouse dies

rough cell=live

heated smooth= live

heated s w/ rough= dead
(living s cell r found)

Question 23

avery, mccarty and maccloed

Answer 23

determine DNA is hereditary
solution of aa, r/dna
and add enzymes to destroy one of them then a some R virus cells. S cells appear when DNA is present

Question 24

hersey and chase

Answer 24

phage grown in sulfure (protein) so only liquid is radioactive

pahge grown in phosphorus (DNA) and radioactive in pellet bc phos enters cell

Question 25

chargaff

Answer 25

A=T (same amt.)

C=G (same amt)

Question 26

rosalinid

Answer 26

x ray crystalography

Question 27

watson and crick

Answer 27

double helix