U.S. History Exam 2 - FLASHCARDS - 2_14 Lecture 1

Question 1

What were the Progressives?

Answer 1

wished to check big business. Reformers from both parties. Those with ability should fight corruption. Focused on urban problems

Question 2

How did economic output change from 1900 to 1910?

Answer 2

Output increased by 85 percent and farm prices grew by 50 percent. Most people were better off

Question 3

How many cities did the US have with populations of over 100 thousand?

Answer 3

50 cities

Question 4

What was New York’s population by 1910?

Answer 4

4.7 million people

Question 5

What were the Muckrakers?

Answer 5

Writers who made it a practice to expose the wrongdoings of public figures and corporations in business and politics between 1903 and 1909

Question 6

Who were some Muckrakers?

Answer 6

Samuel Adams, Ida Tarwell, Upton Sinclair

Question 7

What did Samuel Adams write in 1906?

Answer 7

The Great American Fraud

Question 8

Who wrote about Standard Oil abuses?

Answer 8

Ida Tarbell

Question 9

Who was Upton Sinclair?

Answer 9

Writer who drew attention to the bad conditions in meatpacking industry and how it was not only bad for workers but for consumers

Question 10

What did Upton Sinclair publish in 1906?

Answer 10

The Jungle

Question 11

What was Upton Sinclair worried about?

Answer 11

working conditions of workers. And meat packing conditions

Question 12

What was the Pure Food and Drug Act?

Answer 12

1906: government regulates some food and medicine industries to hold them to higher standards of quality; people had become upset about tainted milk that was killing some kids

Question 13

What was the Meat Inspection Act?

Answer 13

law passed that said government inspectors would be inspecting factory meat to make sure it’s safe to eat

Question 14

How many automobiles were there in 1895?

Answer 14

4 automobiles

Question 15

How many automobiles were there by 1917?

Answer 15

5 million

Question 16

When was Ford Motor Company founded?

Answer 16

1903 by Henry Ford

Question 17

When was the assembly line established?

Answer 17

In 1913 by Henry Ford

Question 18

What was important about the assembly line?

Answer 18

It allowed for goods to be mass produced much more quickly than before

Question 19

What is an oligopoly?

Answer 19

State of limited competition in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers.

Question 20

What were some oligopolies?

Answer 20

Standard Oil, Consolidated Tobacco, and US Rubber

Question 21

What was an example of oligopoly in action?

Answer 21

By 1907, 1 percent of industrial firms produced 1/2 of all manufactured goods

Question 22

What was the Triangle Shirtwaist company?

Answer 22

Located in NYC. Employed mostly young immigrant women. Terrible safety conditions and starvation wages. Women worked 12 hours a day every day of the week. 4 elevators, but only 1 worked and only 1 stairwell. 80 thousand protested for better conditions

Question 23

What was the Triangle Fire?

Answer 23

Broke out on the 8th floor. Women jumped from windows and down the elevator shaft because it could only hold 12 people. Lasted only 18 minutes. 39 women jumped down the elevator shaft. 58 women jumped out of windows to their death

Question 24

What was a consequence of the Triangle Fire?

Answer 24

people start demanding better work conditions, a week after the fire 80,000 people protested in New York

Question 25

How did immigration change from 1901 to 1910?

Answer 25

8.8 million new immigrants into the country. From 1911 to 1920, another 5.7 million arrive

Question 26

By 1900, how many women were working outside the home?

Answer 26

5 million women. One fifth of women

Question 27

How did the birth rate and divorce change from 1900 to 1920?

Answer 27

lower birth rates and higher number of divorces

Question 28

By 1916, how many marriages ended in divorce

Answer 28

One out of every nine marriages ended in divorce

Question 29

How many children still worked by 1900?

Answer 29

3 million children still worked

Question 30

In 1900, where did most African Americans live?

Answer 30

8 out of 10 lived in rural areas, mainly in the South and most were poor sharecroppers.

Question 31

How many black people were lynched between 1900-1914?

Answer 31

1,000

Question 32

What was the Niagara Movement?

Answer 32

Led by Web Du Bois. Pushed for freedom of speech. All rights for African Americans the same as other US citizens.

Question 33

When was the NAACP formed?

Answer 33

1909

Question 34

What is the NAACP?

Answer 34

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, first major civil rights organization

Question 35

What led to the creation of the NAACP?

Answer 35

Jim Crow laws, lynching, etc. 5,000 whites rioted in Springfield, Illinois in 1908 went to the jails looking for two black men accused of attacking white woman, when the sheriff won’t let them have the guys they go into black neighborhoods and attack random black people, killing at least 7, injuring dozens and burning buildings

Question 36

How many new immigrants entered the country from 1900 to 1920?

Answer 36

14.5 million immigrants. More than ever before

Question 37

What were Birds of Passage?

Answer 37

Italian immigrants who came to the US to work, but weren’t intending to stay

Question 38

When did Mexican immigration take off?

Answer 38

After 1900.

Question 39

How much of the Mexican population moved to the Southwest after 1900?

Answer 39

10 percent of the Mexican population

Question 40

How did the Mexican immigrants help with the Southwest?

Answer 40

construction of highways and agriculture

Question 41

When was the Chinese Exclusion Act renewed indefinitely through World War 2?

Answer 41

in 1902