HIST Exam 3 - FLASHCARDS - 3_11 Lecture 1 done
What was the Kellogg Briand Pact of 1928?
Called for elimination of war as tool for foreign policy
Why was the Kellogg Briand Pact significant?
It showed America’s desire to be isolationist again–didn’t want to get involved in international affairs, same reason they didn’t join the League of Nations
What factors led to American isolationism?
Great Depression which turned focus back to US; wanting to invest economically in Europe but not get involved in their politics
What was Japan’s buildup to war?
Militarists dominated government, left League of Nations, and invaded China.
What were the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Who did Hitler blame for Germany’s problems?
The Jews
When does Japan invade China?
1937
What was the Weimar Republic of Germany?
the democracy that existed between the end of WWI and the rise of Nazis–weak democracy because of economic problems but had a period of artistic and cultural vibrancy
What was the Nazi party known as?
National Socialist German Workers Party
What was hitler’s book, Mein Kampf?
Meant My Struggle. Outlined Hitler’s plans for Germany
When had hitler became chancellor of Germany?
1933
Who was Benito Mussolini?
Published a socialist newspaper. Went from anti-war to pro-war. Kicked out of the Socialist party. Formed a group called the Fighting Leagues, creating the Fascist party.
What were the blackshirts?
marched on the capital of Rome. Mussolini ruled over Italy from 1923 to 1943 as a Fascist leader
What did Mussolini want to build?
an empire in the sun. Invades Ethiopia in 1935
What did historians call World War 1?
a mistake and criticized Wilson for not preserving neutrality and claimed the British tricked the United States into fighting in the war
What was the Nye Committee?
investigated US munitions dealers and claimed enormous profits made during the war. Bankers, munitions workers were Merchants of Death
What were the neutrality acts?
1935, 1936, and 1937. Banned sale of arms and weapons to nations of war. Warned Americans not to sail on belligerent ships. Banned loans to countries of war. Forbade American ships to carry goods or passengers to ports of nations at war or in a civil war.
When did Hitler annex Austria and Czechoslovakia?
1938
What was the Munich Conference?
Hitler agreed to not seize any more countries. He broke that promise but England was desperate not to go to war again after losing so many men in WWI
What started World War 2 in Europe?
Invasion of Poland in 1939. Britain and France declare war on Germany
What was the Battle of Britain?
German against British Air Force. British defeated Germany because of radar.
What was the 1940 presidential election?
Roosevelt announced he wanted to run for a third term. Ran against Wendell Wilkie and won
What was the Lend Lease Act?
Military aid to powers fighting the Axis powers, as long as it was returned after the war. This was Roosevelt’s way of helping England for as long as they needed it without violating Neutrality Acts which said you couldn’t sell weapons to countries at war
What was Operation Barbarossa?
largest invasion where 3 million German troops invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. 80% of the U.S. wanted to stay neutral.
