U.S. History Exam 1 - FLASHCARDS - 1_31 Lecture 6
What were some changes in popular culture during the late 19th century?
Liesure time was spent spectulating football and baseball. Movie theaters, fairs, circuses, were all popular pastimes. Increased materialism: decreased fertility rates. Decrease in victorian morality
When was the first baseball team formed?
- Cincinnati Stockings
When was basketball invented?
1891
Why did fertility rates begin to decrease?
More women were going into the workforce
What did Charles Darwin write that theorized biological evolution?
“On the Origin of Species” in 1859
What was Social Darwinism?
The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Advocated by Herbert Spencer
What was reform Darwinism?
Idea that cooperation would best promote progress, not competition
What were the Republicans made up of in the gilded age?
White protestants, moralists, evangelical, and reformists. Looked to impose their values on other Americans. Relied on African Americans to support them.
What were the Democrats made up of in the gilded age?
Embraced Catholics and Protestants. Liked Laissez Faire economics, minimal government (more states rights), tolerated immigrants
Which party favored big business?
Republicans
When did the Republican party dominate the presidency?
From 1872 until 1912. Except during Grover Cleveland’s two nonconsecutive terms
When was the voter turnout very high?
In the late 19th century, 79 percent of new voters came to vote during the election season.
What were the state voting results generally with each election in the gilded age?
16 states regularly voted republican, 14 regularly voted democrat, and there were 5 swing states in each election
What was the Pendleton Act (Civil Service Act)?
competitive exams to get officials appointed to power. Officials appointed on merit
When Rutherford B Hayes become president?
1877
Who won the 1880 election?
James Garfield
Who was Charles Guetau?
Assasinated James Garfield
When was Grover Cleveland elected?
1884
Who was the first democrat president since 1866?
Grover Clevelend
Who vetoed more bills than any president before him?
Grover Cleveland
What was the McKinley Tariff Act?
Raised import tariffs by 4 percent, making a record 48 percent tax on imports
What was the Dependent Pensions Act?
Gave pensions to union army veterans
What was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
First major attempt to deal with business trusts + industrial growth. Tried to curtail monopolies. House: 242/0 and Senate: 51/1
What was U.S. v E.C Knight?
Supreme Court decision said the Sherman Antitrust Act was constitutional but only to regulate trade between states (interstate trade), not trade within a particular state (intrastate trade). It limited the government’s power to prosecute and enforce the antitrust laws
