HIST Exam 3 - FLASHCARDS - 3_23 Lecture 3 done
What was D Day?
June 6, 1944. Large force of Allied troops (6,000 ships) to cross the English Channel hoping to catch Hitler by surprise. Major land invasion of Europe that the US had been wanting. Also known as Operation Overlord. 4500 British lost their lives on the first day. Germans pushed back
Who was Juan Garcia?
Committed to bring down extreme regimes. Convinced the Germans he was a Nazi. Secretly worked for British government. Hitler gave him an iron cross.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
Last major German offensive. Germans failed
When did Adolf Hitler commit suicide?
April 30, 1945
What was the Holocaust?
Over 6 million Jews died. 4400 internment camps across Europe.
When did the Germans surrender?
May 7, 1945
What were postwar goals of the Soviet Union?
The Soviet Union were determined to control Eastern Europe and wanted to prevent another Western attack with satellite states loyal to Russia.
What was the Yalta Conference?
Feb 1945, discussing postwar world. Held in Crimea. Russia refused to grant self government to Balkan states and Poland. Russia agreed to enter war in the Pacific against Japan three months after Germany fell. Members were Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Stalin
What was the significance of the Yalta conference?
It was clear that the Allies were going to win and they were planning out the postwar world. Negotiations are basically between Stalin and Roosevelt
What was the 1944 presidential election?
FDR ran for fourth term and defeated Thomas Dewey, but died of a stroke in 1945. Truman succeeded him and was informed of secret Manhattan Project
What was the Manhattan Project?
US government effort to build an atomic bomb. Racing against the Germans who are also working on it. German Jewish scientists like Einstein have said the US has to get it first. Involved scientists across the country and building secret facilities in New Mexico and Tennessee. Successfully detonate first nuclear weapon in 1945.
What did the atomic bomb offer?
An easy way to defeat the Japanese.
What was the bombing of Hiroshima?
August 6th. “Little Boy” bomb dropped on Japanese city of Hiroshima, killing 80 thousand people
What was the bombing of Nagasaki?
August 9th. “Fat Man” atomic bomb dropped on Japanese city of Nagasaki, killing 45 thousand people
When did the Japanese surrender?
August 14th after the atomic bombings
