URT Flashcards
What are the four zones of the resipiritory tract `
conduction zone -> nose to the bronchioles
respiritory zone -> bronchioles to alveole
Oral cavity -> food and air
Nasal cavity -> air + olfactory
What are the main structures of the upper respiritory tract
nose
nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
pharynx
- nasopharynx
- oropharnx
- laryngopharynx
What is the name of our three tonsils in the URT
pharyngeal tonsil
lignual tonisl
palatine tonsil
What is the general function of the resipiritory tract
To clean warm mositen air
create a pathway for air to blood
speak + smell
What is mucosa comprised of + normally below this
A layer of epithelium attached to a basement membrane attached to a lamina propria
- contains: connective tissue + glands
sub mucoua
- more connective tissue + glands
In what regions would we find each type of epithelium
conduction pathways = respiritory epithelium
food + air (laryngopharyx + oropharynx + oral cavity) = strattified squamous epithelium
olification = olfactory epithelium
respiritory epithelium is what
pseudostrattified ciliated clumnar epithelium + goblet cells
columnar = push mucus to pharyx
goblet cells = create mucus
- columnar cells all reach the basmement
- basement calls which regenerate the columnar cells
What are the properties of the nose
cartalage anterior - nasal bones posterior
nasal septum running backwards cartilage -> bone
nasal vestibule = passageway lined with skin + acessory
- vibrissae = hair of nose
what are the properties of the nasal cavity
leads to pharynx
latteral walls contain conchae 3 parts (inferior + middle + superior) turbinates -> increase time for CWM
Above Conchae superior turbinate = olfactory eithelium = smell
laminapropria -> contains vascular plexus - highly vascullarised + dialates when air is cold to heat
What are the properties of the parranasal sinuses
cavitys in the bone around the nose
- lighten the head
- fill with mucus when sick
- resonate sound
- RE
- drain to pharynx
What is the properties of the pharynx
- nasopharyx
pharynx = funnel shaped muscle = throat
nasopharynx
post to nasal cavity - RE
end of internal nares -> soft palete
- auditory tubes
- pharngeal sinuses
- hard palate anterior, soft palate posterior
soft palete + uvula blocks nasal cavity when swallowing
What is the pharynx properties
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
oropharynx - strattified squamous epithelium (protection to abrasion)
post to oral cavity
between soft palete -> hyoid bone
- ligual tonsil + palatine tonsil
laryngopharynx - strattified squamous epithelium
- hyoid bone -> larynx
end of both respiritory + digestive
