Renal anatomy 1

Question 1

How is the water conent of the body stored + differes between people

Answer 1

1/3 extra celular - intersitial + plasma
2/3 intracellular

60% men- muscle high in water have more than women
55% women- adpiose low in muscle woman have more than men

Question 2

How much fluid does the kidney filter per minute, how much urine can it make a day

Answer 2

1200ml/min of blood filtered ->
makes 800-2000ml of unrine per day

Question 3

What is urine + what can it be used for

Answer 3

Urine is waste made from
excess - metabolites, water, solutes, drugs
- urea, small proteins
has unregulated pH 46-8

Used in diagnostics-
glucose in blood -> reabsoption isnt working
large protein -> damaged filtration
RBC -> should never enter

Question 4

What are the major organs of the renal system

Answer 4

2 kidneys
2 ureters
urine bladder
urethera

Question 5

What is the location of the kidneys

Answer 5

Between T12-L3 - Ribs 11 and 12 - Reteroperitonially (renal fat pads around)
Convex side lateral, concave side medial + location of hilum
Hilum -> lymph blood nerve ureters

Right kidney lower due to liver position

Question 6

What are the 4 main functions of the kidneys

Answer 6

Filter blood
reabsorb nutriance
excrete waste
protection - Ribs, renal fat pads, fiberous tissue layer

Question 7

What is the Gross internal structure of the kidneys

Answer 7

Pelvix, cortex, medulla encased in fiberous tissue
cortex is continuous with the renal columns which go between each medullary pyramids
- point of medullary pyramid leads to renal papilla -> minor caylx
5-11 lobules per kidney

Question 8

What is renal urine drainage + components of lobule

Answer 8

Lobule = medullary pyramid + surrounding cortex comprised of nephrons

Renal papila -> minor caylx -> major caylx -> renal pelvis –thinning -> ureters

Question 9

What is the nervous suplly to the kidneys

Answer 9

Autonomic nerves + glangilion making the renal plexus -> regulate arteriol diameter and therefore regulate flowrate

Question 10

What is the flow of blood into around and out of the kidneys

Answer 10

Into kidney: Abdominal aorta -> renal artery -> seris of branches to each cortex ->

Within kidney: afferent arteriol -> glomerulus capillaries -> efferent arteriol -> peritubular capillaries -> veins

• glomerulur capillarys for filtration
• peritubular capillaries for reabsoption

out of kidneys: series veins -> renal vein -> inferior vena cava