Urinary Crystals Flashcards
What are struvite crystals made of?
magnesium
ammonium phosphate
triple phosphate
What do struvite crystals look like?
Coffin lids -3-6 sided colorless prisms
When are struvite crystals normally found?
alkaline urine and sometimes slightly acidic urine
What are struvite crystals often associated with?
Urease producing bacteria of lower urinary tract disease
What do phosphates and urates look like
granular precipitate
What do ammonium biurate crystals look like?
round and brownish with long spicules
When are ammonium biurate crystals found?
liver disease or portal caval shunts
What species commonly has ammonium biurate crystals?
dalmatians
What do calcium carbonate crystals look like?
dumbbells, oval, wheel like
When are calcium carbonate crystals found?
Horses and rabbits
What do calcium oxalate crystals look like?
Small colorless envelopes usually with a characteristic x
When are dihydrate calcium oxalate crystals found?
normal urine
When are monohydrate calcium crystals found?
Ethylene glycol toxicity or in large animals that ingested oxalates
What do leucine crystals look like?
small and round with sectioned centers?
What do leucine crystals indicate?
hepatic disease
