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Vet Tech Prep > Small Animal Intestinal Parasites > Flashcards

Small Animal Intestinal Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

How do you diagnose nematodes?

A

Fecal flotation with zinc centrufigation

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2
Q

What are the types of nematodes?

A
  1. Roundworms
  2. Hookworms
  3. Whipworms
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3
Q

What is the most common roundworm in dogs and cats?

A

Toxocara canis

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4
Q

What is the zoonotic disease caused by roundworms?

A

ocular larval migrans

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5
Q

How do you treat roundworms?

A

Piperazine
Pyrantel
Fenbendazole

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6
Q

How are roundworms transmitted?

A

Fecal to oral or transplacental

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7
Q

Where do roundworms live?

A

small intestine

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8
Q

What is the most common species of hookworm?

A

Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala

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9
Q

What is the zoonotic disease caused by hookworms?

A

cutaneous larval migrans

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10
Q

How do you treat hookworms?

A

fenbendazole and pyrantel

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11
Q

What does hookworm cause?

A

hemorrhagic diarrhea and severe anemia

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12
Q

How is hookworm transmitted?

A

fecal to orall
transmammary
percutaneous infections

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13
Q

What is the most common whipworm?

A

Trichuris vulpis

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14
Q

How is whipworm transmitted?

A

fecal to oral

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15
Q

What does whipworm cause?

A

hyperkalemia and hypernatremia

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16
Q

Where do whipworms live?

A

Large intestine

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17
Q

What is the most common way to diagnose whipworms?

A

Have bipolar plugs on the ends

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18
Q

How do you treat whipworms?

A

fenbendazole or milbemycin

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19
Q

What are cestodes?

A

tapeworms

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20
Q

What are the most common tapeworms?

A
  1. Dipylidium caninum
  2. Echinococcus granlosus
  3. Taenia
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21
Q

What is the intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum?

A

flea

22
Q

How is Dipylidium caninum spread?

A

Swallowing of the flea during grooming

23
Q

How are Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia spread?

A

Ingestion of infected hyatid cysts during predation of small animals

24
Q

Describe tapeworms

A

flat and segmented, resemble a grain of rice

25
Q

Were are the eggs in tapeworms?

A

In the flat segments

26
Q

What are the flat segments of tapeworms called?

A

proglottids

27
Q

How is tapeworm diagnosed?

A

Usually through seeing the segments in the feces?

28
Q

Why is tapeworm not easily diagnosed on a fecal float?

A

The eggs are not always seen unless a proglottid breaks open

29
Q

What is the treatment for tapeworms?

A

Praziquantel (Drontal and profender)

30
Q

What are trematodes?

A

Flukes

31
Q

What is the most common fluke?

A

Fasciola hepatica

32
Q

What animals are flukes most commonly found in?

A

Sheep or cattle that have been grazing in endemic areas

33
Q

What is the intermediate host of the fluke?

A

snail so common in moist areas

34
Q

How do you treat flukes?

A

albendazole

35
Q

What is giardia?

A

flagellated protozoan or trophozoite

36
Q

How is giardia transmitted?

A

Fecal to oral usually through contaminated water

37
Q

What does giardia cause?

A

watery diarrhea

38
Q

Is giardia zoonotic?

A

Controversial as most species are specific to cats and dogs but should be treated as zoonotic

39
Q

How is giardia treated?

A

Fenbendazole or metronidazole

40
Q

How is giardia diagnosed?

A

Cysts can be seen on fecal float but Giardia ELISA test most accurate or trophozoites could be seen on direct smear of fecal sample

41
Q

What is coccidia?

A

single celled intestinal microscopic parasite

42
Q

What is the most common coccidian in cats and dogs?

A

Isospora

43
Q

What is the most common coccidia seen in birds and rabbits?

A

Eimeria

44
Q

How do you treat coccidia?

A

Sulfadimethoxine

45
Q

What does eimeria cause?

A

hepatic coccidiosis and lagomorphs

46
Q

How do you diagnose coccidia?

A

Fecal float or direct smear

47
Q

What is the common name of fenbendazole?

A

panacur

48
Q

What is the common name of metronidazole?

A

Flagyl

49
Q

What is the common name of sulfadimethoxine?

A

Albon

50
Q

What medications have praziquantel in them?

A

Drontal and Profender

51
Q

What is the common name of milbemycin?

A

Interceptor

Vet Tech Prep (30 decks)

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