Pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 4 corticosteroids?
A
- Prednisone
- Prednisolone
- Triamcinolone
- Methylprednisolone
2
Q
What are the 2 types of analgesics?
A
Opioids and NSAIDS
3
Q
What type of opioids are used?
A
mu agonists or partial mu agonists
4
Q
How do you reverse opioids?
A
Naloxone
5
Q
What are the 6 commonly used opioids?
A
- Fentanyl
- Morphine
- Hydromorphone
- Buprenorphine
- Butorphanol
- Tramadol
6
Q
What methods do you give Fentanyl?
A
injectable or comes in a patch
7
Q
What methods do you give Buprenorphine?
A
injectable or orally as it is transmucosal
8
Q
What methods do you give Butorphanol?
A
Injectable to tablets
9
Q
Other than pain, what can you use Butorphanol for?
A
antitussive
10
Q
What is another name for Tramadol?
A
Ultram
11
Q
What type of opioid is Tramadol?
A
synthetic mu receptor opiate agonist
12
Q
What form does Tramadol come in?
A
tablets
13
Q
What are the 2 dissociative anesthetics?
A
Ketamine and Tiletamine
14
Q
What is the side effect of ketamine?
A
Muscle rigidity
15
Q
What medication is used with ketamine?
A
diazepam
16
Q
What medication makes up Tiletamine and zolazepam?
A
Telazol
17
Q
What are the 4 commonly used benzodiazepines?
A
- Valium
- Alprazolam
- Midazolam
- Zolazepam
18
Q
What is a short acting hypnotic agent?
A
Propofol
19
Q
How do you give propofol?
A
injectable anesthetic
20
Q
What can propofol cause if not given slowly?
A
apnea and hypotension
21
Q
What are the 2 local anesthetics?
A
Lidocaine and Bupivicaine
22
Q
What can lidocaine also be used for besides pain?
A
anti-arrythmic
23
Q
What are the 2 alpha-2-andrenergic agonists?
A
Dexmedetomidine and Xylazine
24
Q
What is another name for Dexmedetomidine?
A
Dexdomitor
25
What do you reverse dexmedetomidine with?
Atipamezole
26
What is another name for atipamezole?
Antesedan
27
When should you not use dexmedetomidine?
Pets with cardiac disease or that are debilitated
28
What is xylazine reversed with?
Yohimbine
29
What is a phenothiazine tranquilizer?
acepromazine
30
What is the side effect of acepromazine?
Lowers seizure threshold
31
What is an opioid used to cause vomiting?
Apomorphine
32
How is apomorphine administered?
injectable or tablet that goes in the conjunctival sac in the eye
33
What is a short acting thiobarbiturate?
Thiopental
34
What species should you not use thiopental?
Greyhounds and other sight hounds because of the slow metabolism of the drug and they are very lean
35
What are the 3 anesthetic inhalants?
1. Isoflurane
2. Sevoflurane
3. Halothane
36
What is the most common side effect of anesthetic inhalants?
hypotension
37
Why is halothane not commonly used?
Side effects especially cardiac
38
What are the 6 main cardiac drugs?
1. Furosemide
2. Enalapril
3. Pimobendan
4. Spironolactone
5. Amlodipine
6. Atropine
39
What is another name for Furosemide?
Lasix
40
What type of medication is furosemide?
Loop diuretic
41
When do you use furosemide?
Congestive heart failure
42
What class is enalapril and other pril medications?
Ace inhibitor
43
What do ace inhibitors treat?
Heart failure and hypertension
44
What is another use for enalapril other than cardiac medication?
Chronic renal failure
45
How do ace inhibitors work?
They are vasodilators
46
What is another name for pimobendan?
Vetmedin
47
What class is vetmedin?
inodilator
48
What is vetmedin used for?
treat congestive heart failure
49
What class is spirinolactone?
potassium sparing diuretic
50
What does amlodipine do?
decreases blood pressure
51
What is the most common use of amlodipine?
Anti hypertensive in cats
52
What class is atropine?
Anticholinergic
53
What is atropine used for?
Increase heart rate
54
When is atropine used?
CPCR and during anesthesia to treat bradycardia
55
What is another name for Fenbendazole?
Panacur
56
What does Panacur treat?
General anthelmentic and commonly used to treat Giardia
57
What is another name for Sulfadimethoxine?
Albon
58
What does Albon treat?
coccidia
59
What is pyrantel used for?
Ascarids
60
What are ascarids?
roundworms
61
What is another name for emodepside and praziquantel combined?
Profender
62
What is profender used for?
Topical dewormer for felines
63
What medication is made up of praziquantel, pyrantel, and febantel?
Drontal Plus
64
What does Drontal Plus treat?
General dewormer
65
What is another name for selamectin?
Revolution
66
What does revolution treat?
1. ear mites
2. fleas
3. hook worms
4. roundworms
5. demodex
6. sarcoptes
67
When is revolution contraindicated?
Collie breeds
68
What is another name for milbemycin?
Profender
69
What does interceptor treat?
heartworm prevention
hookworms
roundworms
whipworms
70
What additional parasite does interceptor plus treat?
Tapeworms
71
What is another name for famotidine?
Pepcid AC
72
What class of drug is famotidine?
H2 receptor blocker
73
What does famotidine treat?
Peptic ulcers, acid indigestion, and GERD
74
What is another name for carafate?
Sucrulfate
75
What does Sucrulfate treat?
gastroprotectant
76
What is a side effect of sucrulfate?
May impair absorption of some oral medications
77
What is another name for metaclopramide?
Reglan
78
What class is metaclopramide?
Upper GI prokinetic agent
79
What does metaclopramide treat?
anti-emetic
80
What is a side effect of metoclopramide?
May cause excitement or hyperactivity in cats
81
What is another name for maropitant?
Cerenia
82
What does cerenia treat?
anti-emetic
83
What does cisapride do?
Promotility for upper and lower GI tract. Treats megacolon
84
Why is cisapride hard to get?
It needs to be compounded
85
What is another name for omemperazole?
Prilosec
86
What class of drug is omeprazole?
Proton pump inhibitor
87
What does omeprazole treat?
GI ulcers
88
What class of drug is Misprostol?
Prostaglandin E1 analog
89
What does misoprostol treat?
Prevents gastric ulceration
90
What are the commonly used NSAIDs?
1. Carprofen
2. Meloxicam
3. Ketoprofen
4. Firocoxib
5. Deracoxib
6. Flunixin
7. Phenybutazone
91
What is another name for Carprofen?
Rimadyl
92
What class of drug is Carprofen?
Cox 2 Inhibitor
93
What is the most common side effect of carprofen?
Liver failure
94
What is another name for meloxicam?
metacam
95
What is the class of drug for meloxicam?
cox 2 inhibitor
96
What is the side effect of meloxicam?
increase risk of nephrotoxicity
97
What is ketoprofen commonly used for?
fever reducer
98
What is another name for Firocoxib?
Previcox
99
What class of drug is Previcox?
cox 2 inhibitor
100
What is another name for Deracoxib?
Deramaxx
101
What is the class of deracoxib?
Cox 2 inhibitor
102
What is another name for Flunixin?
Banamine
103
What is another name for Phenylbutazone?
Bute
104
What NSAIDS are commonly used in horses?
Banamine and Bute
105
What do all NSAIDs have increased risk for?
gastric ulceration and liver/kidney failure
106
What is another name for Methocarbamol?
Robaxin
107
What does methocarbamol treat?
muscle relaxant
108
What does fluconazole, ketoconazole, and itraconazole treat?
antifungal
109
What is the risk of antifungals?
hepatotoxic
110
What is another name for Trilostane?
Vetoryl
111
What class of drug is Trilostane?
adrenal steroid synthesis inhibitor
112
What does vetoryl treat?
hyperadrenocorticism
113
What is levoxythyroxine?
thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism
114
What is methimazole treat?
hyperthyroidism
115
What is another name for Diphenhydramien?
Benadryl
116
What class is Benadryl?
antihistamine
117
What class is epinephrine?
alpha and beta andrenergic agonist
118
What is epinephrine used for?
anaphylaxis and cardiac resuscitation
119
What does Guafenisen treat?
muscle relaxant
120
When would you use guafenisen?
large animal anesthesia
121
What is other names for pentobarbital?
Euthasol, fatal plus
122
What class is phenobarbital?
Barbiturate
123
What does phenobarbital treat?
seizures
124
What class is mirtazapine?
Tetracyclic antidepressant
125
What is mirtazapine used for?
Appetite stimulant
126
What does fenbendazole treat?
Rounds
Hooks
Lung
Whip
127
What is the trade name for fenbendazole?
Panacur
128
What does strongid treat?
Rounds
Hooks
Pin
129
What is another name for strongid?
Pyrantel
130
What does praziquantel treat?
Tapes
131
What does albendazole treat
Everything
132
What does metronidazole treat?
Giardia and other protozoa
133
What is the trade name for metronidazole?
Flagyl
134
What does sulfadimethoxine treat?
Coccidia
135
What is the trade name for sulfadimethoxine?
Albon
136
What is in drontal plus?
Pyrantel and praziquantel
137
What is in profender?
Emodepside and praziquantel
138
What can ingestion of ivermectin cause in dogs?
Flaccid paralysis
