Reproduction Flashcards
Basic description of chromosomes
chromosomes are located in each cell and contain all of the genetic information. Each cell contains exactly the same genetic information with the exception of reproductive cells
What are the types of reproductive cells?
Spermatazoa and Ova
Where are sperm made?
in the seminiferous tubules
Where are ova made?
in the ovarian follicles through oogenesis (born with a limited number)
Describe reproductive cells
- have only one pair of chromosomes
- Undergo meiosis
What makes up the reproductive system?
- Parts of the endocrine system such as hypothalamus, pituitary, gonads, and placenta
- genital tract
- Mammary glands
What is the main function of the male reproductive system?
Produce sex hormones, make sperm and deliver to the female
What is the purpose of testes?
To make sperm
What are accessory glands?
makes up pthe part of semen that is not sperm; produce fluids to help the sperm survive
What are the accessory glands?
- seminal vesicles (not in cat and dog)
- prostate gland (only one in the dog)
- bulbourethral gland (all animals except dogs)
What are the ducts?
- Efferent
- Vas Deferens
- Urethra
What does the efferent duct do?
sperm flows through to get to the epididymis
What does the vas deferens do?
Move sperm from epididymis to urethra
What does the urethra do?
move sperm to the penis and out of the body
What are the external genitalia of male animals?
Prepuce and penis
What is the main function of the female reproductive system?
Produce sex hormones, make ova, house embryo during growth and development, give birth and provide nutrition
What is the anatomy of the female reproductive system?
- ovaries
- oviducts (fallopian tubes)
- uterus
- cervix
- vagina
- vulva
What is polyestrous?
2 or more estrous cycles per year
What is seasonally polyestrous?
Cycles only during certain parts of the year
What is diestrous?
Resting period between cycles
What is monoestrous?
single estrous cycle in a year
What is anestrus?
not ovulating, not sexually receptive
Gestation period of dogs?
59-68 days
Gestation period of cats?
56-39 days
Gestation period of rabbits
30-32 days
Gestation period of horses?
320-346 days
Gestation period of cows?
271-291 days
Gestation period of sheep
143-151 days
Gestation period of ferrets?
42 days
When do you see non-cornified cells on vaginal cytology?
Anestrus
When do you see a combination of non-cornified and cornified cells on vaginal cytology?
Proestrus and Metestrus
When do you see cornified cells on vaginal cytology?
Estrus
