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Anatomy > Upper Extremity 2 > Flashcards

Upper Extremity 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of Cubital Fossa

A

Superior: between medial and lateral epicondyles

medial: pronator teres
lateral: brachioradialis
floor: brachialis and supinator
roof: bicipital aponeurosis

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2
Q

Contents of Cubital Fossa

A

brachial artery, biceps tendon, bicipital aponeurosis, pronator teres, brachioradialis, median cibital vein

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3
Q

Anteromedial compartment

A

flexors & pronators
most supplied by median nerve
1 and part of 1 supplied by ulnar nerve

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4
Q

Posterolateral Compartment

A

extensors and supinators

all supplied by raidal nerve

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5
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Distal attachments
(i) Middle of lateral surface of the radius

Median nerve
Pronates and flexes forearm

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6
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A 
Proximal Attachment
         Medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal attachments
           Base of 2nd metacarpal
Median nerve
Flexes and abduct the hand
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7
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Distal half of the flexor retinaculum and palmer aponeurosis

Median nerve
Flexes hand and “tightens” palmer aponeurosis

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8
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Proximal attachments…two heads
(i) Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
(ii) Ulnar head: olecranon process and posterior border of ulna
Distal attachments
(i) Pisiform, hook of the hamate and the base of the 5th metacarpal bone

Ulnar nerve
Flexes and adducts the hand

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9
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

Proximal attachments – two heads
(i) Humeroulnar head: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
(ii) Radial head: superior half of anterior border of radius
Distal attachments
(i) Bodies of middle phalanges of medial four digits (2-5)

Median nerve
Flexes PIP joint of medial four digits (2-5)…will also assist with flexion of hand and of MCP joint

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10
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Proximal ¾ of medial and anterior surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Bases of distal phalanges of medial four digits (2-5)
Two nerves innervate the FDP**
(Median nerve (AIN - anterior interosseous nerve) – lateral portion
(Ulnar nerve – medial portion

Flexes DIP joint of medial four digits (2-5)…will also assist with flexion of hand

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11
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

Median nerve…AIN (anterior interosseous nerve)
Flexes phalanges of the thumb (1st digit)

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12
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Distal ¼ of anterior surface of the ulna
Distal attachments
(i) Distal ¼ of anterior surface of the radius

Median nerve…AIN (anterior interosseous nerve)
Pronates forearm…also help stabilize radius and ulna

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13
Q

Brachioradoalis

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Lateral surface of distal radius

Radial nerve
Flexes forearm

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14
Q

Supinator

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator fossa, crest of ulna
 Distal attachments
(i) Lateral, posterior and anterior surface of proximal 1/3 of the radius

Deep branch of radial nerve
Supinates forearm

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15
Q

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Base of 2nd metacarpal

Radial nerve
Extend and abduct hand

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16
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Base of 3rd metacarpal

Deep branch of radial nerve
Extend and abduct hand

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17
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of the ulna
Distal attachments
(i) Base of 5th metacarpal

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extend and adduct hand

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18
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Extensor expansion of medial four digits (2-5)

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extend medial four digits (2-5), assist in wrist extension

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19
Q

Extensor Indices

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Extensor expansion of second digit

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extend 2nd digit

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20
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Distal attachments
(i) Extensor expansion of 5th digit

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extends 5th digit

21
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Posterior surface of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Base of 1st metacarpal

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Abducts the thumb

22
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb (at the CMC joint - carpometacarpal jt)

23
Q

Extensory Pollicis Longus

A

Proximal attachments
(i) Posterior surface of the middle 1/3 of the ulna and the interosseous membrane
Distal attachments
(i) Base of distal phalanx of thumb

PIN (posterior interosseous nerve) – branch of radial nerve
Extends distal phalanx of the thumb (at the interphalangeal joint.)

24
Q

Trochlea and humerus articulate with

A

trochlear notch of ulnar

25
Q

capitulum of humerus articulates with

A

head of radius

26
Q

Radial collateral ligament

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament surrounding head of humerus

27
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament

A

medial epicondyle to cornoid process and olecranon

anterior, posterior, oblique

28
Q

Proximal Radioulnar Joint (PRUJ)

A

head of radius articulates w/radial notch of ulna
radial head stabilized by annular ligament
sacciform reccess–> continuation of synovial joint capsule of elbow

29
Q

Distal Radioulnar Joint (DRUJ)

A

Head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of radius

30
Q

TFCC

A

attaches to base of radius and styloid process of ulna

acts as pivot/articular disc during pronation and supination

31
Q

Anatomical Snuff box

A

lateral wrist
Boarders–>
abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus tendon

contents–>radial artery

32
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

contains extensor tendons as they pass across the posterior wrist

33
Q

Palmer carpal ligament

A

anterior continuation of extensor retinaculum

34
Q

Flexor Retinaculum

A

forms roof of carpal tunnel

35
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

I- median nerve

A- flexes thumb

36
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A

I- median nerve

A- opposes thumb

37
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

median nerve

abducts thumb, assists with opposition

38
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A

two heads—> oblique and transverse
I-ulnar nerve
A-adducts thumb toward midline

39
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

ulnar nerve

abduction of 5th digit

40
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

ulnar nerve

flexion of 5th digit

41
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

ulnar nerve

opposition of 5th digit

42
Q

Four Dorsal Interossei’s

A

ABduct the digits with the midline of the hand

DAB–> Dorsal abducts digits

43
Q

Three Palmer Interossei’s

A

ADduct’s the digits with the midline of the hand

PAD–> palmer adducts digits

44
Q

Extensor Expansions of the digits

A 
Extensor tendons (ED,EDM,EI) flatten to form extensor expansions
the lumbricals and interossi attach into the lateral band of the hood
45
Q

Common flexor synovial sheath

A

FDS and FRP are contained by the common flexor synovial sheath
pass deep to the flexor retinaculum in the carpal tunnel

46
Q

Digital Synovial Sheaths

A

protect the long finger tendons as they pass through the digital “pulleys” (fibrous sheath)

47
Q

Fibrous Digital Sheath

A

enclose the synovial sheaths, superficial and deep flexor tendons and tendon of flexor pollicis longus

48
Q

Boarders of the carpal tunnel

A

Anterior–> flexor retinaculum
Posterior–> carpal bones
Medial and Lateral walls–> carpal bones

49
Q

Contents of the carpal tunnel

A

median nerve
FDS tendon
FDP tendons
FPL tendon

Anatomy (31 decks)

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