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Anatomy > Upper Extremity 1 > Flashcards

Upper Extremity 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Articulations of Clavicle

A

Only connection of axial skeleton to UA

medial: articulates with manubrium–> SC jt
lateral: articulates with the scapula–> Ac jt

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2
Q

Fractures most common on clavicle

A

junction between middle and lateral third

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3
Q

Glenohumeral Joint

A

glenoid fossa of scapula articulates with head of humerus

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4
Q

AC Jt

A

acromium process of SCAPULA articulates with laterl end of CLAVICLE

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5
Q

Acromion

A

deltoid & trapezius attachment

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6
Q

coracoid process

A

short head of biceps brachii, coracobrachialis and pec minor attachment

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7
Q

spine of scapula

A

deltoid & trapezius attachment

wraps around back, clavicle, acromeum, spine (anchor pt for muscle above and below)

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8
Q

Spurpaspinous fossa

A

supraspinatus attachment

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9
Q

infraspinous fossa

A

infraspinatus attachment

rotator cuff muscle lands here

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10
Q

subscapular fossa

A

subscapularis attachment

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11
Q

supraglenoid tuberle

A

attachment sites for long head of biceps brachii

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12
Q

infraglenoid tubercle

A

attachment sites for long head triceps

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13
Q

Greater tubericle of humerus

A

attachment site for external rotators of rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor muscle)

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14
Q

Lesser tubericle of humerous

A

attachment for internal rotator of rotator cuff muscles

subscapularis

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15
Q

Bicipital groove of humerous

A

attachment of tendon of long head of biceps brachii

also attaches pec major, latissimus dorsi, teres major

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16
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

O- clavicular head–> anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head–> anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of exit oblique

I- lateral lip of intertubercular of humerus

N- lateral & medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head (C5-6), sternal head (C7-T1)

A-adduction and medial rotation of humerus, assists in flex/extension of humerus

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17
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

O-ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage

I- medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scap

N- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

A- stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall (depressed and protracts scap)

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18
Q

Subclavius

A

O- jxn of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

I- inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

N-nerve to subclavius (C5-6)

A- anchors and depresses clavicle

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19
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

O- external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8

I- anterior surfaces of medial border of scapula

N- long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

A- protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, upward rotation of scapula

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20
Q

Deltopectoral Triangle

A

Deltoid, pec major, clavicle

cephalic veins passes superficial to deep to join with axillary vein

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21
Q

Trapezius

A

attaches shoulder girdle to axial skeleton
upper–> elevate, upward rotation, retraction of scapula

middle–> retraction of scapula

lower–> depression, upward rotation, retraction of scapula

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22
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

acts on GH joint, indirectly on capulothoracic jt

extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus

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23
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

elevate & downward rotation of scapula (proximal attachment fixed)
lateral flex, ipsilateral rotation of neck (distal attachment fixed)

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24
Q

Rhomboid Major + Minor

A

deep to trap
retract & downward rotation of scapula, stabilize scapula
damage to scapula nerve=scapula deviated laterally from midline

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25
Q

Deltoid

A

innervated by–>axillary nerve
3 heads–> anterior, middle, posterior
synergistically abduct arm, posterior and anterior heads stabilize humerus
Anterior- flex & internal rotation of humerus
Middle- abducts humerus
Posterior head- extends and externally rotates humerus

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26
Q

Teres Major

A

Innervated–> lower subscapular nerve
fxn: adducts and internally rotates humerus

helps medially rotate humerus w/pec major, pec minor, lats

27
Q

Muscles of the Rotator Cuff

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

28
Q

Supraspinatus

A

P- Supraspinous fossa
D- superior facet of greater tuberosity
N- suprascapular nerve
A- abduct humerus

29
Q

Infraspinatus

A

P- infraspinus fossa
D- inferior to supraspinatus attachment, middle facet of GT
N- suprascapular nerve
A- works synergistically with teres minor externaly rotate humerus

30
Q

Teres Minor

A

P- superior portion of laterl border of scapula
D- inferior to infraspinatus attachment, inferior facet of GT
N- axillary nerve
A- works synergistically with infraspinatus to externally rotate

31
Q

Subscapularis

A

P- subscapulari fossa
D- Lesser tuberosity of humerus
N- upper and lower subscapularis nerve
A- Internal rotation of humerus

32
Q

Upper Triangular Space

A

superior–> teres minor
inferior–> teres major
laterla–> long head of tricep

contents: circumflex scapular artery

33
Q

Lower Triangle

A

Superior–> teres major
medial–> long head of triceps
lateral–> lateral head of tricep

contents- radial nerve and deep artery of arm

34
Q

Quadrangular Space

A 
superior- teres minor and subscapularis
inferior- teres major
medial- long head of triceps
lateral-surgical neck of humerus
contents- axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
35
Q

Triangle of Auscultation

A

bordered by trapezius, latissimus dorsi and medial border of scapuka
breath sounds heard most cleary

36
Q

Axillary Artery

A

arises: from subclavian artery
begins:outer boarder of first rib
ends: inferior border of teres major
three portions of axillary artery

37
Q

Brachial Artery

A

arises from axillary artery

begins: inferior border of teres major
end: divides into radial and ulna arteries at elbow

then goes on to divide into ulna and radial arteries

38
Q

Anastomoses to scapula

A

suprascapula a, subscapular a, transverse cervical a

39
Q

Anastomoses to Shoulder

A

anterior & posterior circumflex humeral arteries

40
Q

Anastomoses of elbow and distal humerus

A

deep artery of arm branches off brachial artery
eventually supplies radial collaterals that supply elbow
brachial artery supplies ulnar collaterals to supply elbow
recurrent arteries of radial and ulna arteries from anastomoses w/above collaterals

41
Q

Lateral cord divides into

A

musculocutaneous
lateral pectoral nerve
lateral cord and medial cord merge–> median nerve

42
Q

Medial cord divides into

A 
lateral + median cord= median nerve
medial pectoral nerve
medial brachial cutaneous n
medial antebrachial cutaneous n
ulnar nerve
43
Q

Posterior cord

A 
axillary n
radial n
thoracodorsal n
upper subscapular nerve
lower subscapular nerve
44
Q

coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process of scapula
middle third of medial humerus
musculacutaneous nerve
flex and adduct arm

45
Q

biceps brachi

A

P- long head–>supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head- coracoid process of scapula
D- radial tuberosity of radius
bicipital aponeurosis
musculocutaneous nerve
flexes arm and forarm, supinates forearm

46
Q

Brachialis

A

P- distal half of anterior surface of humerus
D- coronoid tuberosity of ulna
I-musculocutaneous nerve
A- primary flexor of forearm, flexes forearm in all positions (supinated, neutral or pronated)

47
Q

Triceps brachii

A

P-long head–> infraglenoid tubericle
lateral head–> posterior humerus superior to radial groove
Medial head–> posterior humerus inferior to radial groove

Distal attachments–> olecranon process of ulna
I-radial Nerve
A-primary extensor of forearm

48
Q

Aconeus

A

p-(lateral epicondyle)
d- olecranon process of ulna
I- radial nerve
A- assist in forearm extension, stabilize elbow joint

49
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Emerges from posterior cord, passed through quaff angular space, inner gates deltoid

50
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Begins inferior border of pec minor
Pierced coracobrachialis, travels between biceps brachii and brachialis
Innervates bicep and brachialis
Becomes lateral cutaneous of forearm

51
Q

Radial nerve

A 
Emerges from posterior cord
Posterior to brachial artery
Descends with deep artery of arm
Travels posterior to humerus
Travels between brachialis and brachioradialis
52
Q

Median nerve

A

Emerges from medial and lateral cords
Follows brachial artery
DOES NOT SUPPLY MUSCLES OF ARM

53
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A

Emerges from medial cord
DOES NOT SUPPLY ARM MUSCLES
Travels medial to brachial artery and anterior to triceps

54
Q

AC ligament

A

Superior and inferior portion of AC joint

55
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A

2 ligaments connect coracoid to scapula

Trapezoid–>coracoid to trapezoid line clavicle
Conoid–> conoid to conoid tubercle of clavicle

56
Q

Type 1AC joint separation

A

Partial injury to AC, coracoclavicular is intact

57
Q

Type 2 AC joint separation

A

Disruption of AC ligament, coracoclavicular still intact

58
Q

Type 3 AC joint separation

A

Disruption if AC and coracoavicular, clavicle displaced superiorly

59
Q

Glenohumeral ligament

A

Strengthen anterior aspects of joint

Glenoid to humeral head

60
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

Coracoid process to greater tuberosity

61
Q

Coracoacromial ligament

A

Forms coracoacromial arch
Coracoacromial ligament and acr onion process

From actinium to coracoid process

62
Q

Transverse humeral ligament

A

Bridge over bicipital groove

63
Q

medial epicondyle

A

attachment site for flexor muscles of forearm

64
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

attachment site for extensor muscles of forearm

Anatomy (31 decks)

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