Cervical Circulation

Question 1

Arterial Pathway Left Side:

Answer 1

CCA and subclavian artery arise directly from aortic arch

Question 2

Arterial Pathway Right Side

Answer 2

Brachiocephalic trunk arises directly from aortic arch

CCA and subclavian artery arise from brachiocephalic trunk

Question 3

Common Carotid Artery (CCA)

Answer 3

ascends within carotid sheath (with IJV,CN10)
Bifurcates into ICA and ECA (at level of superior thyroid cartilage)
carotid body lies at birufcation, chemoreceptor senses changes in 02

Question 4

Internal Carotid Artery

Answer 4

carotid sinus (baroreceptor) swelling @ origin of ICA
no branches in neck
ascends up to carotid canal of temporal bone to supply brain

Question 5

External Carotid Artery

Answer 5

gives of 8 branches as it ascends in the neck

artery terminates as it divides to maxillary and superificial arteries

Question 6

Eight Branches of ECA

Answer 6

superior thyroid a.
lingual a
facial a
ascending pharyngeal a
posterior auricular a
maxillary a
superficial temporal a.
***facial, maxillary, superficial temporal***

Question 7

Subclavian Artery 5 Branches

Answer 7

Vertebral artery
thyrocervical trunk
internal thoracic artery
costocervial trunk
dorsal scapular artery

Question 8

Vertebral Artery

Answer 8

ascends via transverse foramin of C1-6
Enters cranial cavity via foramen magnum
In cervical region…branches supply spinal cord
inside cranial cavity, R/L vertebral arteries ,merge to form basilar artery, supply’s brainstem

Question 9

Thyrocervical Trunk

Answer 9

arise from subclavian artery

branches into the inferior thyroid artery, transverse cervical artery, suprascupular artery

Question 10

Internal Thoracic Artery

Answer 10

Arise from subclavian, descends in thorax posterior to upper six costal cartilages

Question 11

Costocervical Trunk

Answer 11

Arise from subclavian artery

2 branches one ascends (deep cervical a.) and descends (superior intercostals)

Question 12

Dorsal Scapular Artery

Answer 12

branch of thocervical trunk

Question 13

Veins of Cervical Region

Answer 13

Anterior jugular vein
external jugular vein (EJV)
Internal Jugular vein (IJV)
Subclavian vein
Brachiocephalic Vein
Superior Vena Cava

Question 14

Anterior Jugular Vein

Answer 14

Descends anterior neck, eventually deep to SCM

drains into EJV

Question 15

External Jugular Vein (EJV)

Answer 15

superfical to SCM

ends in subclavian vein, which drains into brachiocephalic vein

Question 16

Internal Jugular Vein (IJV)

Answer 16

begins as it exits the crainium via jugular foramen
descends in carotid sheath, deep to scm
ends in brachiocephalic vein
used for cardiac catheterization

Question 17

Subclavian Vein

Answer 17

drains UE, subclavian drains into brachiocephalic vein

site of central line placement

Question 18

Brachiocephalic Vein

Answer 18

inferior thyroid vein, internal jugular vein, subclavian vein, anterior jugular vein all drain into brachiocephalic
lymphatics drain into brachiocephalic vein (left thoracic duct, and right lymphatic duct)

Question 19

Superior Vena Cava

Answer 19

R/L brachiocephalic veins drain into SVA

SVA descends to the heart (right atrium)