muscles of foot

Question 1

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Answer 1

P = Dorsal aspect of calcaneus

D = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

N = deep fibular (L5, S1)

A = helps extend proximal phalanx of great toe

Question 2

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Answer 2

P = dorsal and lateral aspect of calcaneus

D = lateral side of tendons of EDL muscle for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes

N = deep fibular (L5, S1)

A = helps extend proximal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, and

Question 3

Abductor Hallucis

Answer 3

P = medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis

D = medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

N = medial plantar nerve (S2 and S3)

A = abducts and flexes great toe (hullux) (mtp joints)

Question 4

Flexor Digitorum brevis

Answer 4

P = medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa

D = both sides of middle phalanges of lateral four toes

N = medial plantar nerve (S2 and S3)

A = flexes lateral four digits (pip and mtp joints)

Question 5

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Answer 5

P = medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa

D = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

N = lateral plantar (S2 and S3)

A = abducts and flexes 5th digit (mtp joint)

Question 6

Quadratus Plantae

Answer 6

P = medial surface of lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus

D = posterior-lateral margin of tendon of FDL

N = lateral plantar (S2 and S3)

A = assists FDL in flexing lateral four toes; actually helps to keep pull of FDL tendons pulling straight

Question 7

Lumbricals

Answer 7

P = tendons of FDL

D = medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits

N = 1st = MPN; #2-4 = LPN

A = flex pip joints and extends pip and dip joints of lateral four toes

Question 8

Flexor Hallicus Brevis

Answer 8

P = plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms

D = both sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

N = MPN (S2 and S3)

A = flexes mtp joint great toe

Question 9

Adductor Hallicus

Answer 9

P = oblique head: bases of metatarsals #2-4; transverse head: plantar ligaments of MTP joints

D = tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

N = deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2 and S3)

A = adducts 1st digit at MTP joint; assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot

Question 10

Flexor Digiti Minimi brevis

Answer 10

P = base of 5th metatarsal

D = base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

N = superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S3 and S3)

A = flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit at MTP joint

Question 11

Plantar interossei

Answer 11

P = bases of medial sides of metatarsals

D = medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd to 5th digits

N = lateral plantar nerve (S2 and S3)

A = adducts digits (2-4) and flex MTP joints

Question 12

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 12

P = adjacent sides of metatarsals #1-5)

D = First: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit; Second to fourth: lateral sides of 2nd to 4th digits

N = lateral plantar nerve (S2 and S3)

A = abducts digits (2-4) and flex MTP joints