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2019 MS Alexis Iaconis > United States and Canada > Flashcards

United States and Canada Flashcards

1
Q

What latitude is Washington state at?

A

46 degrees

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2
Q

Describe the AVA of Snipes Mountain

A

This is an AVA within Yakima Valley in Washington. It is an AVA which is defined by altitude, it is a ridge line on 400 meters. The soils are the differentiation factor from the wider Yakima AVA. Ancient loess with river stones rather than alluvial silt. The elevation creates exposure to winds and better air drainage. Syrah is 54% of plantings. The Upland Vineyard is the most notable here and 15 wineries make a wine from this vineyard.

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3
Q

What are the nested AVAs of Yakima?

A

Rattlesnake Hills - 2006
Snipes Mountain- 2009
Red Mountain - 2001

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4
Q

Benches Vineyard, Canoe Ridge, Alder Ridge, Phinny Hill and Champoux vineyard are all located in which AVA?

A

Horse Heaven Hills which is right below Yakima Valley in the Columbia Valley.

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5
Q

Which is the easternmost of the nested AVAs of Yakima?

A

Red Mountain. This AVA has almost 2 more hours of sunlight than Napa. The Yakima River moderates. The soils are dry and limit vigor. Grapes here can be 60% smaller in size than other Columbia Valley AVAs making very tannic wines.

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6
Q

Ciel du Cheval Vineyard, Galitzine Vineyard and Kiona Vineyard are all located in which AVA?

A

Red Mountain within the Yakima Valley.

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7
Q

Describe the Rattlesnake Hills AVA

A

This is a nested AVA within Yakima Valley. The elevation is 260 meters and up on ridges and terraces. Viticulture isn’t general on the valley floor due to poor air flow and a high water table. The Rattlesnake Hills protect the region from polar blasts from Canada and the Cascades protect from the Pacific influence. There are sold loam soils here.

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8
Q

Where is the Wahluke Slope AVA? Describe it.

A

This AVA is in the Columbia Valley in Washington. it is north of Yakima Valley. Cabernet and Merlot are the most planted grapes. It is a south-facing plateau on the bend of the Columbia River. The Saddle Mountains separates it from the Ancient Lakes. It sits on an alluvial fan. This is one of the highest production areas of Washington and most grapes go into Columbia Valley blends.

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9
Q

What formed the Ancient Lakes AVA?

A

This basin was carved out by ancient lava flows and shaped by the Missoula Floods afterwards. This has been an AVA since 2012. White grapes like Riesling do well here as it is cooler than other sub AVAs of the Columbia Valley. The Evergreen Vineyard is here.

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10
Q

Describe the Naches Heights AVA

A

This is a sub AVA of the Columbia Valley. It’s been an AVA since 2011. It is a plateau of volcanic rock, located west of Yakima the town. The first vineyard was planted in 2002. It has a cool climate and is at 500 meters elevation. White grapes are 80% here.

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11
Q

What does LIVE stand for and which region uses this certification?

A

Low Input Viticulture and Ecology Vineyard Management. This is an organization in Oregon state.

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12
Q

Describe the Lake Chelan AVA

A

Lake Chelan is one of the largest and deepest glacial lakes in Washington. The elevation here is high, up to 610 meters. The temperature here is moderated by the lake and helps mitigate the frost. Clos Chevalle Vineyard is here as well as Blue Spirits Distilling. Lots of grains grown here for vodka production. The AVA was established in 2009.

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13
Q

Underwood Mountain Vineyard, Idiot’s Grace Memaloose and Celia Vineyard are all located where?

A

Columbia Valley AVA

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14
Q

What is the coolest region of the Columbia Valley?

A

The Yakima Valley

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15
Q

Where would you find the vineyards Two Blondes Vineyard, and Red Willow Vineyard?

A

Yakima Valley

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16
Q

What are several ways that Washington growers combat frost?

A

Wind turbines to combat winter frost. After harvest growers will soak the soil to moisten two feet down to form a protective layer of ice for the roots.

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17
Q

What is the average rainfall in eastern Washington per year?

A

8 inches per year, and it comes mostly in the winter. Barossa Valley is 6-7 inches in comparison.

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18
Q

How is most of the Washington vineyards harvested?

A

80% mechanized.

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19
Q

When was Washington’s prohibition?

A

1917, began earlier than national prohibition.

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20
Q

What are the two mountain ranges in British Columbia that influence the Okanagan Valley?

A

The Cascade and the Columbia Mountain ranges. They protect the region from maritime influence and northern arctic influences.

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21
Q

What is the most planted grape of the Okanagan

A

Merlot is #1

22
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Quebec?

A

Marechal Foch, Seyval Blanc and Vidal.

23
Q

Where would you find the St. Lawrence River?

A

In Quebec

24
Q

What are the VQA areas of Quebec?

A 
Eastern Townships
Monteregie
Est-du-Quebec
Oust-du-Quebec
Centre-du-Quebec
25
Q

What are the geographic influences of the Lake Erie North Shore region?

A

Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, and Lake Erie

26
Q

Where is the Harrison Hill Vineyard?

A

This is in the Snipes Mountain AVA in Yakima Valley. It was originally planted in 1963 by Dr. Walter Clore for the Associated Vitners. Some of the oldest planted Cabernet is here.

27
Q

What is the average elevation of Yakima Valley?

A

Most vineyards are 1,000-1,400 feet elevation.

28
Q

When did Walla Walla become an AVA?

A

1984, this was the second AVA in Washington

29
Q

Where was the VINEA organization founded?

A

This is a Walla Walla based Winegrower’s Sustainable Trust.

30
Q

What did David Adelsheim and Raymond Bernard to for the Oregon wine industry?

A

They brought Dijon clones of Pinot and Chardonnay from France in the 1980s. By the late 80s these clones came out of quarantine and became commercially available by 1988. The clones were named 113, 114, 115, 667, 777. Most early plantings before this were UC Davis clones 4 and 5, and Pommard.

31
Q

When were most of the sub AVAs of the Willamette Valley formed?

A

Most sub AVAs were created in 2004-2006.

32
Q

What type of soil is found in Dundee?

A

Jory soils which are volcanic with underlying basalt rock. This is the most densely planted region. It is the site of the Eyrie Vineyard. The most delicate and perfumed style of wines come from here.

33
Q

What is the soil type of Yamhill-Carlton?

A

This AVA is west of Dundee. It is in the foothills of the Coast Range. Marine sediments are here (Willakenzie). 200-1,000 feet elevation. elk Cove, Ken Wright, Penner-Ash and the Shea Vineyard are here.

34
Q

Describe the sub AVA of Chahelem Mountains.

A

Founded in 2006. The Tualatin River runs through this region. The Coast Range is a factor. 200-1,633 feet. Volcanic and marine sedimentary layers are here. Earth planted a vineyard here in 1968. Ponzu and Adelsheim are also here.

35
Q

Where are the Jerusalem Hill and Roserock vineyards?

A

They are in the Eola-Amity Hills AVA of the Willamette. E

36
Q

What is the soil type of the Eola-Amity Hills AVA?

A

Wind blown eolian soils and basaltic Nokia series soils. There is a wide diurnal shift here and wind. The name Ella comes from Aeolus, the Greek god of winds. This region is east of the Van Duzer corridor.

37
Q

What are the subregions of the Rogue Valley?

A

The Applegate Valley is the official subregion
Bear Creek
Illinois Valley are both unofficial

38
Q

In which region is the Klamath Range a geographic influence?

A

This is in the Rogue Valley in Southern Oregon and limits the maritime influence.

39
Q

What is the biggest limiting factor for viticulture in Mexico? How do vitners combat this?

A

Lack of water. Changes in farming include shifting to drip or surface irrigation, cluster thinning, planting more white grapes which ripen earlier, and polymer gels on plant roots to retain water.

40
Q

L.A. Cetto, Casa Domecq, and Bodega de Santa Thomas are all important producers in which region?

A

Baja

41
Q

In which region is Casa Madero, the oldest winery in North America?

A

Valle de Patras which is in the state of Coahuila. Vineyards are at 5,000 feet elevation.

42
Q

What are the four subregions of Baja?

A

Valle de Guadalupe
Valle de Calafica
Valle de San Vincent’s
Valle de Santo Tomas

43
Q

What is the soil like in Baja vineyards?

A

Granite soil, alluvial clay and sand. The water in Guadalupe is high in salt and other minerals creating a distinct saline or saltiness to the wines.

44
Q

Where are the regions of Hermosillo and Caborca?

A

These are both regions in the state of Sonora, which is across the Gulf of California from Baja. Both are very dry regions that are used mostly for brandy and raisin production.

45
Q

Where are the regions Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Guanajuato and Queretaro?

A

In Central Mexico. Elevations here are up to 6,500 feet. The soils are loamy clay soils.

46
Q

What is the soils type of Sta. Rita Hills?

A

This is an AVA in Santa Barbara, it is the westernmost sub AVA within Santa Ynez. The soils here are calcareous with a marine layer. It is very windy here.

47
Q

What are the AVAs of Virginia?

A

North Fork of Roanoake -Allegheny Mountains
Rocky Knob- eastern slopes of the Blue Ridge Mountains
Monticello- eastern slope of the Blue Ridge Mountains
George Washington Birthplace
Virginia’s Eastern Shore
Middleburg
The Shenandoah Valley

48
Q

What is the AVA for The Bionic Frog?

A

Walla Walla

49
Q

What are the two mountain ranges in the Okanagan Valley?

A

The Cascade and Monashee mountains (east)

50
Q

What features define the topography of the Rogue Valley?

A

Rogue Valley is made up of three distinct valleys with progressively warmer microclimates, enabling the region to successfully grow both cool-weather varieties and Bordeaux varieties. Vineyards are 1200-2,000 feet planted on hillsides. Klamath Mountains, Coastal Range and Cascades all converge here. Rouge River and tributaries: Applegate, Illinois and Bear Creek Rivers.

2019 MS Alexis Iaconis (48 decks)

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