New Zealand Flashcards
How many official GIs are there of New Zealand?
20
Who was the first person to plant vines in New Zealand?
Reverend Marsden in 1819 in Northland although these vines were unsuccessful. It wasn’t until 1830 that James Busby planted the first commercial vineyard.
What are the subregions of Northland?
Kerikeri (which is also a town here)
Kaitaia
Whangarei (which is pronounced Fungaree)
Name some producers of Northland?
Karikari Estate
Marsden Estate
Okahu Estate
What is the soil type of Northland and which grapes do best here?
The soils here are grey-brown clay loam. The climate here is sub-tropical with lots of rain and warm winters. Chardonnay, Syrah, Merlot, Pinot Gris and Cabernet are the grapes here.
Where would you find the Waitakere Ranges?
This is a geographical feature in Aukland
Name a couple producers based on Waiheke Island
Man of War Ridgeview Estate Destiny Bay Passage Rock The Hay Paddock Obsidian Cable Bay
Where is Morton Estate located?
It is the most important producer in Waikato
What is the Waikato region named for?
The Waikato River that runs into the Bay of Plenty.
Where would you find the Raukumara Range?
This is a geographical influence to the Gisborne region.
Where would you find the subregions of Golden Slope, Ormond Valley and Waipaoa?
All are in Gisborne
Where would you find the Waipaoa River?
This runs through Gisborne, it also is the name of one of the subregions.
Milton Vineyards and Brenton Road are producers in which region?
Gisborne on the North Island
What is the name of the bay in Gisborne?
Poverty Bay
The Golden Slope is a subregion of which part of New Zealand? This region is known for growing Chardonnay
Gisborne
Describe the climate of Gisborne
It is very sunny and warm here.
The Ruahine and Kaweka mountains are both in this region
Hawke’s Bay
What are the geographic features of Hawke’s Bay?
Mountains: Ruahine and Kaweka
Rivers: Ngaruroro and Tukituki
Hawke Bay and Heretaunga Plains
Name some producers of Hawke’s Bay
Elk Valley Estate Te Mata Craggy Range Bridge Pa Kim Crawford
Describe why the soil is unique in Gimblett Gravels
The boundaries of the Gimblett Gravels district were defined solely by soil type. The Ngaruroro River changed course in 1876. Where the river once flowed, vines now grow in exceptionally free-draining, low-fertility soils, with bands of sand, silt and clay at various depths. In these warm, stony soils, compared to most other parts of the Bay, the vines flower and ripen their grapes earlier with higher sugar, extract and softer acidity.
What is the name of the soils type in Gimblett Gravels??
Omahu gravels
What creates the unique climate of Hawke’s Bay?
The Ruahine and Kaweka mountains, a range of altitudes, coupled with a diverse and complex array of soils. The soils range from gravel to silt to heavy loam.
What are the most planted grapes in Gimblett Gravels?
90% red grapes here. Merlot is #1, Syrah is #2, and Cabernet is #3
Name some producers of Gimblett Gravels
Squawking Magpie Esk Valley Estate Craggy Range Church Road Villa Maria
What is Wairarapa region named for?
This is on the North Island right below Hawke’s Bay. It is named for Lake Wairarapa.
What are the three subregions of Wairarapa?
Martinborough
Gladstone
Masterton (not official yet)
What does the name Wairarapa mean?
Glistening waters- refers to the lake
Name some producers of Martinborough
Dry River Martinborough Vineyard Alta Rangi Chifney Voss Estate
Describe the climate of Martinborough
This is a subregion of Wairarapa on the South Island. It is the most southerly subregion and is cool and dry. It is a semi maritime climate with lots of wind creating a long growing season.
Where would you find the Rimutaka, Tartarus Ranges, Aorangi Ranges and the Cook Strait?
In Wairarapa- this is the southernmost region of the North Island
Where is the Ruamahanga River and Lake Wairarapa?
This is in Wairarapa on the North Island.
The producers Brightwater, Siegfried Estate and Neudorf Vineyards are all located where?
Nelson on the South Island.
Which mountain range forms a barrier in Nelson to the westerly breezes?
The Tasman Mountains.
These geographic elements are in which region?
Richmond Range, Waimea River, Tasman Bay, Golden Bay
All are in Nelson on the South Island
Waimea Plains, Upper Moutere, Motueka, Takaka (Golden Bay) are all subregions of where?
Nelson
What are the subregions of Nelson?
Waimea Plains, Upper Moutere, Mutueka, Takaka (Golden Bay)
Where would you find the Wairau River?
In Marlborough- one of the subregions is also named for this river, the Wairau Valley.
Where is the Atwatere River located?
Marlborough. This is also the name of one of the subregions which happens to be the coolest of the subregions.
What are the names of the mountain ranges that are in the Marlborough region?
The Richmond Range separates Marlborough and Nelson. The Kaikoura Ranges block southerly cold winds.
Name some producers who are located in Marlborough
Allen Scott Cloudy Bay Dog Point Spy Valley Nautilus White Haven
What are the soil types found in the Marlborough region?
There is the Awatere series and Wairau series soils. Stony soils, deep sandy loams and clay. Gravelly silt loams.
What are the subzones of the Southern Valleys of Marlborough?
Brancott
Omaka
Waihopai
What is the climate of Marlborough and what are the geographic influences?
Maritime and very windy. The Kaikoura Ranges block southerly cold winds and the north island protects the region from the north-easterly storms. Most vines here are irrigated because of the wind blowing away most of the moisture from the rain.
Where would you find the. Producers Pyramid Valley, Mud House and Pegasus Bay?
Canterbury
What are the subregions of Canterbury?
Canterbury Plains, Waipara
What is the most planted red and white grape of Canterbury?
Sav Blanc and Pinot Noir
What is the soil type of Canterbury?
Silt loams over gravel with also limestone clays.
Where would you find the Puketeraki Range?
In Canterbury
Where would you find the Waipara River and the Waimakairi River?
Canterbury
What are the subregions of Central Otago?
Wanaka-cooler and wetter, on the shores of Lake Wanaka
Gibston- extreme climate on the Kawarau Gorge, highest subregion
Bannockburn- on the south bank of the Kawarau River. Warmest and driest subregion
Alexandra- most southerly subregion, dry climate
Bendigo- warmest of all the subregions
Cromwell- on the western side of Lake Dunstan
What is the soil type of Central Otago?
Wind blown loess, slate and schist
Where is Waitaki Valley?
It is in North Otago, between Central Otago and Canterbury. The Waitaki River flows through here- it is warmer than Central Otago and there are limestone soils here which is different from slate ands schist in Central Otago
Where would you find the producers Waitaki Braids and Ostler?
Waitaki Valley
Mount Maude, Rippon, Peregrine, Mount Difficulty and Felton Road?
Central Otago.
What is the river that runs through Marlborough? Why was this important?
The Wairau River drains ranges of silt and gravel. The Wairau Valley was a swampland and was drained in the 19th century to create dry land for settlements.
What are the geographical features of Marlborough?
Awatere River Wairau River Richmond Range Kaikoura Ranges Wither Hill Range
The subregions of Awatere and Wairau are named for what?
The soils series that are there.
What are the subzones of Marlborough?
Awatere Valley
Wairau Valley
Southern Valleys
What are all the GIs of the South Island?
Nelson GI Marlborough GI Canterbury GI —Waipara Valley GI, North Canterbury (pending) Waitaki/North Otago GI Central Otago GI
What are the GIs of the North Island?
Northland GI Auckland GI -Matakana GI -Waiheke Island GI -Kumeu GI Waikato- not a GI Gisborne GI Hawke’s Bay GI -Central Hawke’s Bay GI Wairarapa GI -Martinborough GI -Gladstone GI
What are the rules for labeling with the “Gimblett Gravels,” designation.
Must be a member of the association
95% of grapes must be grown in vineyards from defined soil characteristics of the appellation.
95% of grapes must be from the appellation.
What is the soil type in Canterbury?
Silt loams over gravel-limestone clay.
What are the most planted grapes in Canterbury?
Sauvignon Blanc and then Pinot Noir
What area the natural features of Canterbury?
Waimakairi River
Waipara River (Also a subzone Waipara)
Puketeraki Range
Canterbury Plains (also a subzone)
Who are some producers based in Canterbury?
Pegasus Bay
Pyramid Valley
Mud House
Where is Lake Dunstan?
In Central Otago, specifically near Cromwell Basin.
Where would you find the highest elevation vineyards in New Zealand?
Central Otago
What is the soil type in Central Otago?
Windblown loess, broken schist, clay, heavy silt and loam.
What is the climate in Central Otago?
This is the coldest, driest climate in New Zealand. Highest elevation also.
What is the soil type of Waitaki Valley?
There are limestone soils here which are different from the slate and schist in Central Otago.
Who are some producers based in Waitaki Valley/ North Otago GI?
Waitaki Braids
Ostler
Perigrine
Where is the Hauraki Gulf?
This is in Aukland
What is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand?
Wairarapa
How is Wairarapa different from Waipara and Waitaki?
Wairarapa is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand, Waipara is in Northern Canterbury and Waitaki Valley is park of North Otago.
Where is Manataka GI?
This is on the North Island of New Zealand; previously was an unofficial subregion of Auckland, but since 2017 is officially a GI along with Kumeu River, and Waikeke Island.
In 2017 two unofficial subregions of Auckland were made into GIs: Kumeu and Matakana. What are the other five that are still unofficial?
Clevendon Huapai West Aukland South Auckland Henderson
What is the official subregion (GI) of Hawke’s Bay?
Central Hawke’s Bay
What is the official subregion of Canterbury?
Waipara Valley or Waipara GI
Major producers are Pegasus Bay, Pyramid Valley, Mud House and Geisen
Waitaki North Otago/ Waitaki Valley GI is a new official GI. What is the soil type there and major grapes?
This is north of Otago, the soils are Waitakian limestone. There Waitaki River is here and they focus on Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Sauvignon Blanc. Outlet, Pasquale, River-T estate Wines and Valle Vineyards are producers of note.
