Germany Flashcards
Name the three vineyards in Germany that were the exception to the 1971 5ha rule for minimum vineyard size.
Bernkasteler Doctor
Kiedricher Turmberg, Rhiengau
Forster Kirchenstuck, Pfalz
What is the minimum ABV for a Qualitatswein from Germany?
7% which is lower than the EU minimum for table wines which is 8.5%
In which anbaugebietes does the Erste Lage category not exist?
Mosel, Ahr, Rheinhessen
When is the earliest that a Grosses Gewachs wine can be released?
Whites may be released September 1 the year following harvest
Reds must also be aged for 12 months in wood before release.
What is the max yield for Grosse Lage wines?
50hl/ha
What is the max yield for Erste Lage wines?
60hl/ha
Who is Volker Raumland and what is he known for?
Founded Germany’s first winery focusing on sparkling wines in the Rheinhessen
What are the two most historic monopoles in the Rheingau?
Schloss Johannisberg founded in 1720
Hattenheimer Pfaffenberg in the 1600s which is owned by Schloss Schonborn
What is the best vineyard in the Rheingau for Pinot Noir?
The Hollenberg vineyard in Assmanhausen is the best Pinot site. August Kessler is the top producer here.
When was the city of Trier founded?
16BCE
What are some geographic and climactic influences that effect the Mosel Valley?
The moderating effect of the river
Orientation and aspect of it’s vineyard sites
Altitude
Exposure to wind
What is the average rainfall in the Mosel per year?
26-35 inches per year.
Where is the famous Scharzhofberg vineyard?
In the village of Wiltigen in the Saar valley
Which bereiche in the Rheinhessen is considered the premier growing area?
The Wonnegau bereiche where Keller is located. The soils here are limestone and loess soils.
Where are the Hunsrück Hills?
In the Nahe region
Where would you find the Hochwald Forest?
In the Nahe
Describe the climate in the Nahe?
This is a transitional zone between maritime and continental climatic influences. It’s protected from the wind and weather by the wooded mountains. The climate remains mild and dry. there are only 20 inches of rain here per year and it’s the driest of the German wine regions.
Which Anbaugebeite is the driest?
The Nahe- with only 20 inches of rain per year.
What is the river that flows through the Nahe region?
The Nahe River
Name two tributaries of the Nahe River?
The Grafenbach and Trollbach streams are both smaller tributaries that created transverse valleys through the region.
What are the permitted grapes for Grosse Lage wines in the Nahe?
Riesling only!
What are the three subregions of the Nahe?
The Upper, Middle and Lower Nahe. The lower Nahe is the warmest and the Upper and Middle are the coolest.
What is the sole bereiche of the Nahe?
Nahetal
What is the largest town in the Nahe and also the commercial center?
Bad Kreuznach
What are the two most planted grapes in Baden?
Pinot Noir and Muller-Thurgau
What is the name of the lake in Baden?
Bodensee/ or when in Switzerland called Lake Constance
Who first brought Pinot Noir to Baden, when?
Emperor Charles the Fat brought Pinot Noir in 884 to Lake Constance.
Orteneau, Breisgau, Kaiserstuhl, and Tuniberg are all bereiche in which anbaugebeite?
Baden
What are the bereiche of Baden?
North to South: Orteneau Breisgau Kaiserstuhl Tuniberg
What is the name of the forest in Baden?
The Black Forest
What is Germany’s warmest vineyard?
Iringer Winklerberg in the Kaiserstuhl
Tuniberg is a subregion of which bereiche of Baden? Why is this distinct?
It is a subregion that was split off from the Kaiserstuhl because it has calcareous soils rather than volcanic.
Baden is an EU Zone B in terms of temperature. Which clones of Pinot Noir have been introduced here to combat the warmer temperatures?
The Swiss Mariafeld clones as well as new German clones that are more suited to warm weather. Swiss Mariafeld clones are also used in the Russian River valley.
Which grapes are permitted for Grosse Lage wines in Baden?
Weissburgunder, Grauburgunder, Riesling, Chardonnay, Spatburgunder, Lemberger
Rulander is a name for which grape?
Pinot Gris made in a sweeter style in Baden (grauburgunder)
Where in Germany can you make a GG Chardonnay?
Baden
Where in Germany is GG Pinot Gris permitted?
Baden
Name five producers from the Nahe region?
Donnhoff Diel Schafer-Frohlich Enrich-Schonleber Tesch
What is the soil type in the Fruhlingsplatzchen vineyard?
This is in the village of Monzingen- there is redder softer soils here rather than in Halenberg which is stoney and slatey.
The best vineyards of the Nahe lie in which direction and on which side of the Nahe river?
They all lie on the western, south-facing side of the river
What is the Traiser Bastei and where would you find this?
This is the steepest cliff north of the Alps with vineyards below. The cliff, Rotenfels is in the Nahe region between Traisen and Bad Munster. The soil is red earth. The Rotenfels is the steepest cliff in Europe.
Name a couple producers from Baden
Salway
Dr. Heger (Kaiserstuhl)
Bernard Huber
Which region is directly north of Baden?
Hessiche Bergstrasse
What is Fruhburgunder?
This is a natural mutation genetically identical to Pinot Noir but with a thicker skin and ripens two weeks earlier. Wines are darker in color and fruit expression. In France this is known as Pinot Noir Precoce, or Pinot Madeleine
What is Pinot Madeleine or Pinot Noir Precoce?
The French names for Fruhburgunder, a rare specialty variety of Pinot Noir
What are Germany’s top two red varieties by planting?
Pinot Noir is #1 and Dornfelder is #2
Who are the top two growers of Pinot Gris in the world in terms of country?
Italy is #1
Germany is #2
What is Rulander?
Sweet, botrytized Pinot Gris (grauburgunder) is known as Rulander
Which two grapes are crossed to produce Sylvaner?
Traminer and Osterreichisch-Weiss. Originated in Austria and moved into Franken in the 17th century.
Which country grows more Pinot Blanc than any other?
Germany. Baden and the Pfalz have most of the plantings.
What is the name for Blaufrankish in Germany?
Lemberger
Scheurebe is a cross of which two grapes?
Riesling and Bukettrebe
Name a few German Sekt companies
Henkell
Rotkappchen
Sohnlein-Brillant
Raumland
Who and when was the first Spatlese harvest?
1775 Schloss Johannisberg harvested botrytis-affected fruit
Who made the first Cabinet wine?
1712 Kloster Eberbach
Top producers of the Rheingau
Kuhn
Leitz
Breuer
Kunstler
What are the three most famous monopoles of the Rheingau?
Schloss Johannisberg
Hattenheimer Steinberg owned by Kloster Eberbach
Hattenheimer Pfaffenberg- owned by Schloss Schonborn
Where is the Roter Hang?
In the Rheinhessen between the villages of Nierstein and Nackenheim. This is a red hill of clay and weathered red sandstone.
Which region of Germany has the most Silvaner planted?
The Rheinhessen is #1, Franken is #2
What grapes are permitted for Grosse Lage bottlings in Pfalz?
Riesling, Weissburgunder and Spatburgunder
What are the names of the two bereiche of the Pfalz and where did they get their name?
Mittelhaardt-Deutschland Weinstrasse
Sudliche Weinstrasse
Both take their name from the “wine route,” a road that opened in 1935 to link the region’s villages and boost tourism.
What is the most planted variety in Franken?
Muller-Thurgau is 28% of the plantings. This is the only region which has this grape as the most planted.
Where is the bereiche Mandreieck?
This is in Franken- it means “three sided main,” because of the Main River’s course forms a triangle. This bereiche produces three quarters of Franken’s wine from shell-limestone soils.
What is the highest and coolest district of Franken?
Steigerwald, which is located on the eastern end of Franken. Vineyards are on the edge of the Steigerwald mountain forest, reaching almost 400 meters. The soils here are black, gypsum-laced Keuper soils which mitigate low temperatures by warming the vines at night.
Describe the climate in the Nahe
This region falls in a transitional zone between maritime and continental climatic influences. Protected from wind and weather on the north and west by wooded mountains, the region’s climate remains mild and dry (about 20 inches rain per year). This is Germany’s driest region. Frosts are rare.
Which varieties are permitted for Grosse Lage wines in the Nahe?
Riesling only
What is the biggest town and commercial center of the Nahe?
Bad Kreuznach is the center of the wine trade.
Which grapes are permitted for Grosse Lage wines in Baden?
Weissburgunder, Grauburgunder, Riesling and Chardonnay
What grape is a specialty of Wurttemburg?
Schwarzriesling, which is Pinot Meunier
Which river runs through Wurttemburg?
The Neckar River which is a tributary of the Rhine
In which region would you find the GL vineyards of Wurzburg Stein-Harte, Julius Echter-Berg and Klingenberg Schlossberg?
Franken
In which region would you find these villages?
Karlstadt, Wurzburg, Sommerhausen, Norheim, Marktheidenfeld and Iphofen?
Franken
Where would you find the Centgrafenberg vineyard?
This a GL vineyard in Burgstadt in Franken. Rudolf Furst is a producer here and it is planted to Spatburgunder.
Who are the major producers of Franken?
Juliusspital, Burgerspital, Hofkeller. Between them they own most of the large Stein vineyard in Wurzburg.
Where would you find Keuper soils?
In Franken, specifically in the bereiche of Steigerwald. The Julius-Echter Berg vineyard is here and what makes it so unique is the transition from shell limestone to colored sandstone which makes the wines intensely mineral.
Name the differences in the soils in the three bereiche of Franken
The three bereiche of Franken have been divided according to their soil types more than the way that the Main river flows through them although this is an influence.
Mainviereck (main square)- colored sandstone
Mandreieck- (main triangle)- shell limestone soils
Steigerwald (Steiger Forest) saliferous marl Keuper soils
Who first brought viticulture to the Rheingau?
The Cistercians planted Riesling in 1135, and the Benedictines in 1116. The earliest record of Pinot Noir was in 1470. Kloster Eberbach was planted in the 12th century.
What are the main five German Wine auctions?
- Hessian State Wineries- for Rheingau and Hessische-Bergstrasse. Held in March and happens at Kloster Eberbach in the Rheingau
- Bernkasteler Ring in Mosel held in Bernkastel
- The VDP Grosser Ring in Trier
- The VDP Rheingau at Kloster Eberbach
- VDP Nahe-Ahr at Romerhalle in Bad Kreuznach
The last four actions are all held in September.
Where are these GL vineyards located:
Berg Rottland, Berg Roseneck, Berg Kaisersteinfels, Berg Schlossberg, Rosengarten?
These are all in the village of Rüdesheim in the Rheingau. Quartzite soils here and planted to Riesling.
Where would you find the Rothenberg Vineyard GL?
In Geisenheim in the Rheingau. Rothenberg means “red mountain,” and is known for the red iron oxide soils. It has been a planted vineyard since 1145ad.
What was the world’s first vineyard that was exclusively planted to Riesling?
Schloss Johannisberg was the first vineyard to be exclusively planted to Riesling. 1775 was the fist spatlese harvest due to a delayed communication about harvesting. It was named after John the Baptist.
Which village is the home to these three Grosse Lage vineyards?
Schloss Vollrads
Hasensprung
Jesuitgarten
These are in the village of Winkel, which is where the Rhine river is the widest.
Schloss Vollrads doesn’t need a village name
Hasensprung- is named for the local hares, deep loess and some gravel
Jesuitgarten- warmest site of the Rheingau, sandy loam soils, named for the Mainz Jesuit mission.
What are the oeschle levels for Riesling in the Rheingau?
75, 85, 100, 125 and 150
What is an Abfuller?
A bottler or shipper who assumes quality and origin of wine
What is Vorlese?
In German this is a pre-harvest to eliminate rotten bunches.
What is the German word for monopole?
Alleinbesitz
Which grapes are permitted for Grosse Lage vineyards in the Rheinhessen?
Only Riesling and Pinot Noir
What are the bereiche of the Rheinhessen?
Nierstein, Bingen, Wonnegau
Where is Bingen located?
In the Rheinhessen. This bereiche is located at the confluence of the Nahe and Rhine rivers. The best Grosse Lage vineyards here are Kirchberg, Scharlachberg and Rosengarten
Where is the bereiche Nierstein located?
This is in the Rheinhessen between the cities of Mainz and Worms within the Rheinterrasse. This village is the southern end of the Roter Hand and has iron rich clay and sandstone.
Where would you find the Pettenthal, Hipping and Orbel Grosse Lage?
In the Rheinhessen within the Nierstein bereiche.
Where was the oldest vineyard according to surviving records in Germany?
The Glock vineyard which is now called Orbel within the Rheinhessen. Records date this vineyard back to 742AD.
Where is the Morstein vineyard?
This is in the Westhofen village within the Wonnagau bereiche of the Rheinhessen
What is the pradikat levels for Riesling in the Rheinhessen?
74, 85, 92, 120, 150
What are the top three grapes planted by area in the Nahe?
Riesling, Dornfelder and Muller-Thurgau
Describe the soils and climate in the Nahe
Quartzite and slate, varied sandstone, loess and loam. The climate is dry and hot here. The elevation is 100-300 meters. The Nahe River runs parallel to the Mosel and joins the Rhine River at Bingen.
Where would you find the villages of Munster-Sarmsheim, Bocken au and Traisen?
In the Nahe
Where is the producer Schlossgut Diel located?
In the Nahe, in the village of Burg Layen
Name the vineyards of the Mosel which have red slate soils.
Erden Treppchen
Urzig Wurzgarten
Hatzenport Kirchberg
Piesport Grafenberg
What are the general pradikat levels for German wine?
Kabinett 70-85 Spatlese 80-95 Auslese 88-105 BA/Eiswein 110-128 TBA 150-154
Muller Thurgau is a cross of which two grapes? When was this cross made and by whom?
Made by Dr. Muller in 1882. It is a cross of Riesling and Madeline Royale at the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute.
Sylvaner is a cross of what?
Traimer and Osterreichisch-Weiss which arrived in Franken in the mid 17th century.
What is Dornfelder a cross of? Developed by whom?
Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe. Developed by August Herold in 1956 and named after the founder of the Weinsberg viticultural school.
Which village in Baden is known for Gutedel?
Markgraferland
What is the most planted grape in Wurttemburg?
Schiava
What is Schwarzriesling?
Pinot Meunier
What is Kerner a cross of?
Riesling x Schiava. August Herold made this crossing.
What is the minimum alcohol for Tafelwein?
5%. Can declare a grape variety on the label.
Where can Liebfraumilch be produced?
Rheingau, Nahe, Rheinhessen or Pfalz.
What are the specifications of Liebfraumilch?
Must be 70% of Riesling, Muller-Thurgau, Sylvaner or Kerner.
Hermanshole, Hermannsberg and Steinberg vineyards are GG in which village? What is the soil type?
These are all GGs in Niederhausen in the Nahe. The soil is black slate and igneous rock.
What is the soil type in Schlossbockelheim? What are the 2 GG vineyards in this village?
Volcanic soil, steep, south-facing aspect. Felsenberg and Kupfergrube are the two GGs here.
Where would you find the Soonwald Ranges?
In the Nahe region
Name three producers of Brauneberg Juffer?
This is an exceptional vineyard in the Middle Mosel. Schloss Liesser, Fritz Haag and Richter all make a wine from this vineyard.
Name three producers who make a Graach Himmelreich?
This is an exceptional vineyard in the Middle Mosel. JJ Prum, Dr. Loosen and S.A. Prum all make this wine.
Name two producers of Urzig Wurzgarten?
Exceptional vineyard in the Middle Mosel. Red slate soils. Dr. Loosen, Markes Molitor both make this wine.
Name three producers of Bernkastel Doctor vineyard?
Devonian slate soils. 3.2 hectares.
Riechsgraf von Kesselstadt
Gutshaus
Thanisch
Which village of the Mosel has these three Grosse Lage vineyards? Himelreich, Domprobst, Josephshofer?
Graach
Grosse Lage vineyards in the Pfalz can be planted to which grapes?
Grauburgunder Chardonnay Scheurebe Gewurtztraminer Muskateller
How is Schillerwein produced? What region is this a specialty in?
Wurttemberg. Red and white must is blended before fermentation to make a rose.
Bacharacher Hahn is a prized site from what region?
The Mittelrhein. Toni Jost is a known producer of this site. It’s a GG site on the Rhine River.
What is the most important Grosse Lage of the Saar?
Scharzberg
Who is the owner of the monopole Rauentahler Nonnenberg?
George Brauer in the Rheingau
When was the icewine category added to German law?
1982
