Unit III: The Nervous System (Cranial Nerves) Flashcards
How many pairs of cranial nerves arise form the brain?
12 pairs
Chemoreceptors
smell and taste
Photoreceptors
Light- vision
Mechanoreceptors
hearing and balance.
Olfactory Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
I- Sensory for smell
Optic Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
II- Sensory for vision.
Photoreceptors- behind eyeballs.
Oculomotor Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
III- Motor fibers for eye muscles.
Moves eyeballs around.
Trochlear
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
IV- Motor fibers to eye muscles.
Allows movement from side to side and up and down.
Trigeminal Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
V- sensory for the face and motor to chewing muscles.
Abducens Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
VI- Motor fibers to eye muscles
Lateral eye movement
Facial Nerves
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
VII- Sensory for taste and motor to the face
Parasympathetic control of salivary glands.
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
VIII- Sensory for balance and hearing.
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
IX- Sensory for taste and motor to the pharynx.
Vagus Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
X- Sensory and motor fibers for the pharynx, larynx, and viscera.
Accessory Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
XI- Motor fibers to the neck and upper back.
Hypoglossal Nerve
(Roman Numeral, sensory or motor and function)
XII- motor fibers to the tongue
How is I- Olfactory nerve tested?
Ask subjects to distinguish among different odors.
How is II-Optic nerve, III- Oculomotor, IV- Trochlear , VI- Abducens tested?
Assessed while vision and eye movement are checked. Have subject hold head still and track the movement of the finger with the eyes.
How is V-Trigeminal nerve tested?
Motor- Ask the person to clench their teeth.
Palpate the jaw muscles
Sensory- lightly touch areas of the face and forehead.
How is VII- Facial nerves tested?
Motor- ask the person to perform head movements.
Raising eyebrows, pursing lips, and smiling.
Sensory- place solutions known to stimulate the taste receptors on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
How is VIII- Vestibulocochlear nerve tested?
Checkin hearing using a tuning fork
How is IX Glossophraryngeal and X-Vagus nerve tested?
watch individuals swallow something.
How is the XI- Accessory nerve teste?
Ask the person to shrug the shoulders. Loos at sternocleidomastoid or trapezius for signs of atrophy.
How is XII- Hypoglossal nerve tested?
Have the person extend their tongue and move it from side to side.