Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology I > Chapter 4: Tissue, the Living Fabric > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Tissue, the Living Fabric Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

Collections of specialized cells and cell products that carry out a limited number of functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the four primary tissue types?

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What forms membranes?

A

Connective and epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are epithelial tissues found?

A

Body coverings, body linings, and glandular tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the functions of the epithelial tissues?

A

Protection
Absorption
Filtration
Secretion/Excretion
Sensory Reception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Apical

A

Free surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Basolateral or basal

A

Attached surface at base and sides- contact point with other cells/tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Microvilli

A

“tiny fingers” found in digestive epithelia.
On the apical surface
In tissues that line internal surfaces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cilia

A

“Little hairs” are found in the respiratory and reproductive epithelial tissues.
Contain motor proteins.
Cilia moves back and forth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gap junctions

A

Permit free diffusion of ions and small molecules between two cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tight Junctions

A

formed by the diffusion of the outer layers of two plasma membranes.
Prevents the diffusion of fluids and solutes between the cells.
Adhesion belts lie deep between the tight junctions.
Tied to microfilaments of the terminal web.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Desmosomes

A

Intercellular junctions, help maintain the mechanical integrity of tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Basal Lamina

A

Secreted by epithelial cells; filtration prevents molecules from underlying tissues from getting into the epithelium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Reticular Lamina

A

Secreted by underlying connective tissues; a network. of protein fibers and thick, clear ground substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three types of connective tissue?

A

Proper
Fluid
Supporting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fibroblast

A

most abundant and found in all connective tissue proper, form connective tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fibrocytes

A

Second most abundant
Mature cells
Maintain protein fibers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mesenchymal Cells

A

Immature cells become other connective tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Melanocytes

A

Melanin protects from UV radiation and pigment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Macrophage and microphage

A

White blood cells.
Eating infection agents.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Mast cells

A

Releases histamine, initiates inflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lymphocytes

A

White blood cells, produce antibodies and kills infected cells.

23
Q

Collagen

A

Strong and thick

24
Q

Elastin

A

Stretchy and thin

25
Q

Reticular fibers

A

Like wires, form a trap for cells.
These are in the lymph nodes and the liver

26
Q

What is ground substance?

A

Fills in space between cells and fibers.
Consistency determines the physical nature of connective tissue (proper, liquid, and supporting)

27
Q

Superficial Fasciae

A

Also known as the hypodermis or subcutaneous layer.

28
Q

Deep Fasciae

A

bound to capsules, tendons and ligaments.
forms a strong fibrous internal framework.Sub

29
Q

Serous Facia

A

Between serous membranes and deep fascia. Areolar tissues.

30
Q

From what does lymph forms?

A

From the tissue fluid and blood plasma that leak out of capillaries.

31
Q

Perichondrium

A

around the cartilage.

32
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

33
Q

Lacunae

A

the cavity in which the cell is in.

34
Q

Interstitial growth

A

Enlarges cartilage from within; embryonic development through adolescence; does not occur in adults.

35
Q

Appositional Growth

A

Increases size by adding to the outer surface; development only occurs in adults after minor damges.

36
Q

What does the matrix in cartilage contain?

A

Chondroitin Sulfates

37
Q

Canaliculi

A

Microscopic passageways between cells; that allow diffusion of nutrients and waste to and from osteocytes.

38
Q

Central Canal

A

Longitudinal canal in the center of an osteon that contains blood vessels and nerves.

39
Q

Perichondrium

A

The layer that surrounds a cartilage (around cartilage)

40
Q

Periosteum

A

The layer that surrounds the bone (around the bone)

41
Q

Neuron

A

A cell in nervous tissues that is specialized for intercellular communication though changes in membrane potential and synaptic connections.

42
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages from other nerve cells from the external environment.

43
Q

Neuron Body

A

Contains genetic information
Processing and transmitting information.

44
Q

Axons

A

Transmits electrical impulses or action potentials aways from the cells body. Conducts the message.

45
Q

Neuroglia

A

Supporting cells maintain the physical structure of tissues

46
Q

Inflammation

A

Mast cells release histamine which initiates inflammation.
It causes redness, heat, swelling and sometimes pain.

47
Q

Why is redness causes during inflammation?

A

The increased diameter of blood vessels increases blood flow creating redness and warmth.

48
Q

What causes swelling/edema and pain during inflammation?

A

Histamine makes blood vessels leaky so plasma leaves the blood and enters the tissues creating swelling.
Macrophages are present during the whole process.

49
Q

Regeneration

A

Tissues is replaced by the same tissues.
The repair process restores normal function after inflammation has subsided

50
Q

Fibrosis

A

Tissues that are replaced with dense irregular connective tissue.
Cardia muscles cells are replaced with scar tissue because they cannot regenerate.

51
Q

What tissues that regenerate easily?

A

Epithelial and most connective tissues

52
Q

Which tissues regenerate poorly?

A

Cartilage and skeletal muscles.

53
Q

What tissues are replaced largely with scar tissues?

A

Cardiac, nervous and severely damaged cartilage tissues.

Anatomy and Physiology I (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions