unit 8 notes 5

Question 1

define Mendelian inheritance

Answer 1

Mendel’s studies showed that alleles are either dominate or recessive

Question 2

Homozygous dominate and heterozygous individuals show the dominate or recessive phenotype?

Answer 2

dominate

Question 3

Homozygous recessive individuals show dominate or recessive phenotype?

Answer 3

recessive

Question 4

What are some more complex ways organisms can inherit a trait?

Answer 4

Incomplete dominance, codominacne, multiple alleles,
polygenic traits

Question 5

define incomplete dominance

Answer 5

one allele is not completely dominate over the other
Ex. red x white flower = pink flower

Question 6

define codominance

Answer 6

the heterozygote shows that phenotype of both alleles
Ex: white x blach chicken = white and black chicken

Question 7

define multiple alleles

Answer 7

a gene with more than 2 alleles
Ex: blood type

Question 8

define polygenic traits

Answer 8

traits controlled by 2 or more genes
Ex: skin color in humans

Question 9

define pleiotropy

Answer 9

the ability of one gene to affect an organism in multiple ways (many phenotypes)
Ex: sickle - cell disease

Question 10

define epistasis

Answer 10

a gene at one location alters the expression of a gene at another location