Unit 8 notes 2 Flashcards
Define genetics
The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next
Define heredity
The passing of characteristics from parent to offspring
Define genes
A section of DNA found on the chromosome that codes for one protein
define traits
Characteristics of an individual
Where do you inherit your traits from?
your mom and dad
Who is the father of modern genetics?
gregor Mendel
What did Mendel study?
Pea plants to determine how traits were passed from one generation to the next
What did Mendel find during his study?
That pea plant’s traits had contrasting characteristics
Mendel crossed pea plants with ________ characteristics and studied the ___________
contrasting, offspring
what did Mendel call the offspring of the crossed plants?
Hybrids
What are Mendel’s hybrid plants like?
All offspring had the characteristics of only one plant
- He crossed a tall plant with a short plant and the offspring were all tall
What was the first conclusion that Mendel came to?
An individual’s characteristics are determinded by genes that are passed from one generation to the next
What was Mendel’s second conclusion?
The principle of dominance - some traits are dominate and some are recesive
When both the dominate and recessive trait are present, which one will show?
the dominate trait
The offspring of Mendel’s hybrid plants were ___ tall and ___ short
75%, 25%
Define segregation
the traits being separated from each other during the production of gametes cells
