Unit 10 notes 6

Question 1

What is the plant kingdom like?

Answer 1

All multicellular, all eukaryotic, all autotropic

Question 2

what are plant cells like?

Answer 2

Have a cell wall, have chloroplast, have chlorophyll, have a square shape

Question 3

define phtotropism

Answer 3

growing towards the sun

Question 4

define gravitropism

Answer 4

growing towards the center of gravity

Question 5

How do plants get what they need from the environment if they can’t move?

Answer 5

Sunlight: gathered by leaves, Gas exchange: takes in CO2 and releases O2, water: absorbed through roots, minerals: absorbed along with water from the soil

Question 6

How do plants get energy?

Answer 6

they are autotrophs that do photosynthesis

Question 7

define cuticle

Answer 7

pervent a lot of water lose

Question 8

How have plants evloved?

Answer 8

ancestors of land plants lived in water and were similar to todays green algae

Question 9

Define green algae

Answer 9

they are aquatic and absorb water and nutrients through osmosis and diffusion

Question 10

what were the first plants on earth?

Answer 10

Bryophytes

Question 11

what were bryophytes like?

Answer 11

found in damp environments, have no vascular tissues so they can’t draw water more than one meter above ground, they move water and nutrients through diffusion and osmosis

Question 12

Define vascular plants

Answer 12

plants that have tube-like cells that transport water, food, and other material

Question 13

what are the types of vascular tissues?

Answer 13

Xylem and phloem

Question 14

Define xylem tissues

Answer 14

tubes that move water up the tree

Question 15

define phloem tissues

Answer 15

tubes that move nutrients and sugar down the tree

Question 16

why are vascular tissues important?

Answer 16

• these vascular tissues make it possible to move fluid through their bodies against gravity
• tree rings form from dead xylem

Question 17

What are the 2 catagories of vascular plants?

Answer 17

seedless plants and seed plants

Question 18

what are the 2 catagories of seed plants?

Answer 18

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Question 19

What is a seed?

Answer 19

a plants embryo and a food supply, found in a protective covering
- seeds are protected by fruit or cones

Question 20

define gymnosperm plants

Answer 20

non-flowering plants, seeds are protected by cones
Ex: evergreen trees

Question 21

Define angiosperm plants

Answer 21

flowering plants seeds are protected y fruits
Ex: apple tree

Question 22

What are the 2 catagories a angiosperm plants?

Answer 22

Monocots and Dicots

Question 23

Define monocot plants

Answer 23

have one seed leaf
Ex: corn

Question 24

Define Dicot plants

Answer 24

have 2 seed leafs Ex: kidney beans

Question 25

What is a cotyledon

Answer 25

a seed leaf

Question 26

How do plants reproduce?

Answer 26

most plants reproduce sexually - The life cycle of some plants have alternating phases: a diploid phase (2n) and a haploid phase (n)

Question 27

Define sporophyte

Answer 27

spore producing plants

Question 28

Define Gametophytes

Answer 28

gamete producing plants

Question 29

what are the types of flowers

Answer 29

flowers have both male and female reproductive parts

Question 30

How do angiosperms reproduce?

Answer 30

The anther releases the pollen. The pollen sticks to the stigma of another flower or the same flower (self fertilizing). The pollen travels to the ovule where it find an eggs.

Question 31

define ovary

Answer 31

the outside of a fruit

Question 32

How long to flowering plants live?

Answer 32

Annual plants - live for one year Biennial plants - live for two years Perennials plants - live for several years (come back year after year)

Question 33

How can pollen spread?

Answer 33

wind and insects pollinate the flowers