Macromolecules and enzymes (unit 2 test)

Question 1

Organic molecule

Answer 1

molecules made of many carbon atoms

Question 2

Marcomolecule

Answer 2

large molecule in living things

Question 3

Name the 4 macromolecules

Answer 3

carbohydrates, Lipids, proteins, Nuclcic acids

Question 4

polymers

Answer 4

large molecules made of many smaller parts

Question 5

monomers

Answer 5

small parts that make a polymer

Question 6

carbohydrate

Answer 6

made out of C,H,O ratio 1:2:1

Question 7

saccharide

Answer 7

sugar

Question 8

monosaccharide

Answer 8

one suger

Question 9

disaccharide

Answer 9

two sugars

Question 10

polysaccharide

Answer 10

many sugars

Question 11

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 11

building a polymer by removing water

Question 12

hydrolysis

Answer 12

breaking down a polymer by adding water

Question 13

carbohydrates function

Answer 13

main source of/quick energy, provide structure to plants

Question 14

lipid

Answer 14

made of C,H,O ratio 1:2:<1

Question 15

saturated fats

Answer 15

fatty acid tails filled with hydrogens (straight and solid at room temp)

Question 16

unstaturated fats

Answer 16

fatty acid tail with some missing hydrogens (bent)

Question 17

proteins

Answer 17

made of C,H,O,N

Question 18

Amino acids

Answer 18

building blocks of protein (monomer)

Question 19

peptide bond

Answer 19

2 amino acids bonded together

Question 20

polypeptide

Answer 20

long chain of amino acids bonded together

Question 21

Nuclecic acids

Answer 21

made up of C,H,O,N,P

Question 22

nucleotide

Answer 22

monomer of nuclecic acids

Question 23

lipid function

Answer 23

store energy / provide insulation
(fats, waxes, oil, and steroids)

Question 24

triglyceride

Answer 24

glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains (monomer of lipids)

Question 25

protein function

Answer 25

contorl rate of chemical reactions, cell function, and fight diseases

Question 26

Nuclecic acid function

Answer 26

store genetic info

Question 27

chemical reaction

Answer 27

a process that changes one set of chemicals into another

Question 28

reactent

Answer 28

what goes into or enters the reaction

Question 29

product

Answer 29

what is the produced by the reaction

Question 30

enzymes

Answer 30

proteins that change the rate of a chemical reaction (specific shape/specific functions)

Question 31

substrate

Answer 31

molecule that will bond to an enzyme

Question 32

active site

Answer 32

the area on an enzyme where substrate bonds

Question 33

step 1 of enzyme bonding

Answer 33

enzyme and substrate have to be close together

Question 34

step 2 of enzyme bonding

Answer 34

substrate is going to bond with the enzyme at the active site

Question 35

step 3 of enzyme bonding

Answer 35

when the substrate becomes the product, also called catalysis

Question 36

step 4 of enzyme bonding

Answer 36

Enzymes lets go of the product, enzymes are not consumed

Question 37

Things that interfer with enzymes

Answer 37

change in temp
pH level
activator - make faster
inhibitor - prevents from working

Question 38

Denature

Answer 38

Enzyme changing its shape