Macromolecules and enzymes (unit 2 test) Flashcards
Organic molecule
molecules made of many carbon atoms
Marcomolecule
large molecule in living things
Name the 4 macromolecules
carbohydrates, Lipids, proteins, Nuclcic acids
polymers
large molecules made of many smaller parts
monomers
small parts that make a polymer
carbohydrate
made out of C,H,O ratio 1:2:1
saccharide
sugar
monosaccharide
one suger
disaccharide
two sugars
polysaccharide
many sugars
Dehydration synthesis
building a polymer by removing water
hydrolysis
breaking down a polymer by adding water
carbohydrates function
main source of/quick energy, provide structure to plants
lipid
made of C,H,O ratio 1:2:<1
saturated fats
fatty acid tails filled with hydrogens (straight and solid at room temp)
unstaturated fats
fatty acid tail with some missing hydrogens (bent)
proteins
made of C,H,O,N
Amino acids
building blocks of protein (monomer)
peptide bond
2 amino acids bonded together
polypeptide
long chain of amino acids bonded together
Nuclecic acids
made up of C,H,O,N,P
nucleotide
monomer of nuclecic acids
lipid function
store energy / provide insulation
(fats, waxes, oil, and steroids)
triglyceride
glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains (monomer of lipids)