unit 4 test Flashcards
cell membrane
surrounds the cell and provides boundary
homoestasis
the proccess of maintaining (balancing) the cells enviroment
What is most of the cell membrane made of?
phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
fluid mosaic model
the membrane is fexible, and is made of many parts
cholesterol
keeps the phospholipids from sticking together, keeps the membrane fexible
carbohydrates
the sugar on the outside of the cell allows the cell to be identified, and is part of the glyoprotein.
transport proteins
move molecules into and out of the cell
receptor proteins
help cell communicate, molecules bind to this protein
Diffusion
movement of particles from high to low concentration
equilibrium
a state where the distribution of molecules is balanced
facilitated diffusion
process where large molecules are moved in and out of the cell using protein channels
simple diffusion
molecules that move straight thourgh the cell membrane
Osmosis
The diffusion of water across the the cell membrane
aquaproins
special proteins that move water across the cell membrane
Isotonic solution
Equal concentration of solute in and out of the cell
- Water will not move
Hypotonic solution
less solute concentration outside the cell
- water will move into the cell
hypertonic solution
more solute concentration outside the cell
- Water will move out of the cell
Osmotic pressure
what causes cells or shrink or burst
Passive transport
No additional energy needed
- Molecules will always move from high to low concentration
active transport
additional ATP energy needed
- Molecules always move from low to high concentration
Carrier proteins
changes it shape to bind to a molecule to move that molecule across the membrane
Exocytosis
Moves large molecule out of cell, the vacuole will fuse with the cell membrane
Endocytosis
moves large molecules into the cell, vacuole will from around the molecule
