Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse of part of lung leading to impeded filling

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2
Q

what type of problem is atelectasis

A

str problem

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3
Q

when is atelectasis permanent

A

if alveoli and wall are stuck together

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4
Q

3 types of atelectasis

A

obstr/resorptive
compression
contraction

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5
Q

what is obstr/resoprtive atelectasis dt

A

aw obstr (by mucous?) -> trapped air -> air is apsorbed into caps -> local collapse

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6
Q

what is compression atelec dt

A

ext p on lungs causing collapse

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7
Q

what is contraction atelec dt

A

lung trauma -> healing pulls area of injury together by depositing scar tissue -> pulls ends together -> contraction -> collapse of part of lung

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8
Q

mnfts of atelec

A

dyspnea
tacnypnea
dec chest expansion
inc hr

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9
Q

what is dyspnea rt in atlec

A

l/o lung capacity

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10
Q

what is tachypnea rt in atlec

A

dec vent

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11
Q

is tachypnea in atlec compensatory

A

yes

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12
Q

why is there inc hr in atlec

A

collapsed areas cannot expand leadint to dec chest expansion

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13
Q

is inc hr in atlec compensatory

A

yes

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14
Q

dx for atlec

A

px
cxr (large area)
ct (small area)
bronchoscopy

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15
Q

tx for atlec

A

tx cause

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16
Q

plueral effusion

A

accum of fluid in plueral space

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17
Q

what is pleural effusion dt

A

dt abn seepage or drainage

18
Q

what is pleural effusion directly rt

A

transcap exch/seepage

19
Q

exudate in plueral effusion

A

inflm fluid with inc protein content

20
Q

transudate in PE

A

non inflm fluid with dec protein content

21
Q

empyema in PE

A

purulent fluid dt bact inf

22
Q

hemothorax in PE

23
Q

chylothorax in PE

24
Q

Et of PE

A

usually CHF

infc, ca, infarct

25
why may infection cause PE
inc exudate
26
why may ca cause PE
tumor->obstr
27
why may infarct cause PE
obstr
28
why may obstr cause PE
areas prior to obstr have inc in fluid -> impaired TCE
29
how does fluid enter parietal memb
parietal caps
30
where does excess fluid drain into
parietal lymphatics
31
what happens when fluid entry into parietal caps exceeds drainage
PE
32
what are mnfts of PE based on
cause and vol
33
3 main mnfts of of PE
dyspnea plueritic pain lung compression
34
why does dyspnea occur in PE
poor ventilation
35
why does plueritic pain occur in PE
fluid accum applies in P in lungs
36
dx of PE
XR ( large vol) US, CT
37
Tx of PE
identify cause
38
how do you identify cause of PE
fluid analysis via paracenthesis
39
when do you use a chest tube to tx PE
for slower, long term drainage if problem cant be fixed quickly
40
when can PE fluid not be drained
if fluid has inc viscosity, -> sx
41
what if PE is a reoccuring problem
palliative pts only, use a sclerosing agent to remove space between membs