Unit 21 Flashcards
osteoporosis
atrophy of bone or l/o bone mass,composition, matrix
what does fragile bones in OP mean
physiologic stress may fracture bones
et OP
aging
genetic predisposition related to pbm
endorcine changes rt age
what endocrine changes occur with age in relation to op
no E prod in menopausal women -> E is supportive of bone and limits osteoblast prod
2 risk for op
low pbm
low e rt menopause
low bpm
more bone is being removed then put in, negative reinforcment
what does dec E in OP mean
inc bone loss
what age do we normally reach pbm
30
what happens after age 30 in OP
we slowly begin to loose bone mass (negative reinforcement)
how can we inc pbm and cause a more gradual dec after age 30
healthy lifestyel
when does longitudinal bone growth stop
20yo
what is negative reinforcement of pbm talking about
resportion is > then formation
what type of changes occur to bone with dec pbm
architectural (visible)
microscopic (microdamage)
what is the first sign (usually) of OP
fracture
which 2 areas of bone are most affected in OP
vertabrae
maxilla/mandible
what happens when vertabrae are affected by OP
hunched stature, change in height
breathing problems rt spine distortion
what happens when the maxilla/mandible is affected by OP
atrophy of bone -> incompetent dentition (teeth fall out, pt cannot eat)
what are some complications of maxilla/mandible affected by OP
change in nutrtion and change in metb
dx OP
xray (only visible in late stages)
bone density scan
bone density scan
light absorption (no light shines thru) and transmission (light shines thru) to see density of bone
what 3 areas are usually selected to perform bone density scans
lumbar spine
radius
neck of femur
why are a variety of areas used to perform bone scans
to scan both compact and spongy bone
results of bone scan
called t score. associated with numbs 1-2.5. lower number means more OP
tx for OP
prevent fractures dec pain inc weight bearing activity resportive agents anabolic agents diet