Self study 5 Flashcards
2 types of tumors in renal ca
wilms tumor
renal cell carcinoma
2 types of tumors in renal ca
wilms tumor
renal cell carcinoma
when does wilms tumor usually present
peds age 2-5yo
what is wilms tumor composed of
elements that are similar to normal fetal tissue: blastemic, stromal, epithelial tissue
what congential abns is wilms assoc with
anridia
hemihypertrophy
other abns of GI
anridia
abesnce or iris
hemihypertrophy
enlargement of one side of face or body
what gene has a mutation that causes wilms
wilms tumor gene on chr 11
characteristics of wilms tumor
solitary mass, sharply demarcated and encapsulated in kindey.
grows to large size
stage 1 wilsm tumor
limited to kidney
can be excised
stage 2 wilms tumor
extend to renal capsule and can be excised
stage 3 wilms tumor
extend to abdomen
stage 4 wilms tumor
mets to lung
presentation wilsm tumor
lage asymsymptomatic abd mass, pain, vomiting, heamturia, htn
tx for wilms tumor
sx, chemo, radiatio
what percent of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma
60%
what % of RCC is chromophobic tumor
5-10%
what % of RCC is onocytomas
5-10%
what % of RCC are collectiing duct tumors
characteristics of clear cell carcinoma
clear cytoplasm, chr 3 deletion, arise from proximal tubular cells
et RCC
tumors affect poles, mostly upper pole
unclear
risk factors for RCC
smoking
kidney cancer
obseity (esp women)
occupational exposure to petroleum, heavy metals, asbestor,
acquired cystic kidney disease assoc with renal insuff
mnfts of early RCC
silent in early stages. symptoms mean advanced
mnfts late RCC
hematuria, flank pain, presence of palpable flank mass
dx RCC
urinalysis
renal mass
US/CT
MRI?
tx RCC
sx
chemo
immunotx
what sx is used in RCC
radical nephrectomy with node dissection
what immunotx is used in RCC
interferon alfa, IL2
what immunotx is used in RCC
interferon alfa, IL2
when does wilms tumor usually present
peds age 2-5yo
what is wilms tumor composed of
elements that are similar to normal fetal tissue: blastemic, stromal, epithelial tissue
what congential abns is wilms assoc with
anridia
hemihypertrophy
other abns of GI
anridia
abesnce or iris
hemihypertrophy
enlargement of one side of face or body
what gene has a mutation that causes wilms
wilms tumor gene on chr 11
characteristics of wilms tumor
solitary mass, sharply demarcated and encapsulated in kindey.
grows to large size
stage 1 wilsm tumor
limited to kidney
can be excised
stage 2 wilms tumor
extend to renal capsule and can be excised
stage 3 wilms tumor
extend to abdomen
stage 4 wilms tumor
mets to lung
presentation wilsm tumor
lage asymsymptomatic abd mass, pain, vomiting, heamturia, htn
tx for wilms tumor
sx, chemo, radiatio
what percent of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma
60%
what % of RCC is chromophobic tumor
5-10%
what % of RCC is onocytomas
5-10%
what % of RCC are collectiing duct tumors
characteristics of clear cell carcinoma
clear cytoplasm, chr 3 deletion, arise from proximal tubular cells
et RCC
tumors affect poles, mostly upper pole
unclear
risk factors for RCC
smoking
kidney cancer
obseity (esp women)
occupational exposure to petroleum, heavy metals, asbestor,
acquired cystic kidney disease assoc with renal insuff
mnfts of early RCC
silent in early stages. symptoms mean advanced
mnfts late RCC
hematuria, flank pain, presence of palpable flank mass
dx RCC
urinalysis
renal mass
US/CT
MRI?
tx RCC
sx
chemo
immunotx
what sx is used in RCC
radical nephrectomy with node dissection
when can nephron sparing sx be used in RCC
if both kidneys are involved
what immunotx is used in RCC
interferon alfa, IL2
2 groups of bladder ca
low grade noninvase tumor
high grade invasive tummor
high grade invasive tumor
invade bladder wall, met
where does bladder ca arise from
transitional epth of bladder wall
prognosis of noninvasive bladder ca
may reoccur after resec, but good prognosis
et of bladder ca
idiopathic
carcinogenes excreted in urine?
parasites
what carcinognes that are excr in urine may cause bladder ca
aromatic amines used in dye industry
products used in rubber, textiles, paint, chemicals, petroleum
risks for bladder ca
smoking
renal calculi
chronic bladder infc
what parasite is thought to play a role in bladder ca
schistomsoma heamtobium
freq mnts of bladder ca
microscopic, and gross
painless hematuria
freq, urgency, dysuria
dx for bladder ca
cytologic stides
excretory urography
cystoscopy
biopsy
what is used for staging bladder ca
US, CT, MRI
what does tx for bladder ca
depends on stage and grade
tx for bladder ca
sx, radiatino, chemo
which sx are common in bladder ca
endoscopic resec
diathermy
segmental surgical resec
cystectomy
