unit 7 Flashcards
ecology
the study of the relationship between 2 organisms and an organism and its enviorment
Characteristics of Life
be composed of one or more cells
contain either dna or rna as their genetic material
be capable or growth
be capable of reproduction
demonstrate the ability to respond to outside stimuli
as a popul. be able to adapt to the environment and evolve
have metabolism
reproduction can be what and define
sexual: 2 parents produce genetically unique offspring together
asexual: 1 parent produces genetically identical offspring
stimulus
a change in an organism’s environment (change)
how an organism reacts to a change in its environment (effect)
Metabolism
all of the chemical reactions of each cell in an organism that provides energy for life’s processes and create key molecules
venn diagram on photosynthesis. vs. chemosynthesis
photo: source of energy from sun
Chemosynthesis: source of energy is chemicals
Middle: use non-living sources for energy
Organism
individual member of a species are population example one deer
Population
multiple organisms of the same species living together
Community
multiple populations of different species living together
Ecosystem
Community plus all the abiotic factors in the environment
Biome
multiple ecosystems that share similar characteristics but are located in different parts of the planet
Biosphere
the zone of life on Earth encompassing all of the Earth’s ecosystems
Biodiversity
the variety of organisms considered all levels from populations to ecosystems
binomial nomenclature
to name naming system that names organisms after their genus species
abiotic
non-living
Biotic
living
Producers
autotrophs
autotrophs
Producers
Where and when do producers get their energy from?
from non-living sources most capture energy during photosynthesis to make simple sugars
Consumers
heterotrophs
heterotrophs
Consumers
where do heterotrophs get their energy from
living or once living organisms
Consumers eat other organisms to get energy then they break what and why
Macromolecules inside of them to release ATP in cellular respiration
Herbivores
Eat only vegetation
Omnivores
eat meat and vegetation
Carnivores
eat only meat
detritivores
eat dead materials
Food chain
traces a single flow of energy and show trophic levels which are the levels of nourishment in the food chain
Rule of 10
as energy flows from organism to organism the energy is used for metabolism or converted to heat
because of this the next organism on a food chain only receives 10% of the energy
obtained in the previous level thus the other 90% is used or lost as heat
energy flow name wise
producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers
food web
shows multiple food chains at once and how they interconnect
Trophic pyramids
models that show how energy flows through an ecosystem
energy pyramid
represents the energy available at each traffic level, levels always get smaller as you go up the pyramid
Numbers pyramid
represents the number of organisms at each trophic level since energy decreases as you go up the pyramid, fewer organisms can be supported
Biomass pyramid
represents the total mass of living organic material of each trophic level
