meiosis

Question 1

Somatic cells

Answer 1

body cells, they are diploid, 2N

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

sex cells, these are haploid, and (egg and sperm)

Question 3

diploid cells

Answer 3

two full sets of chromosomes
2n
One set for Mom and a set from Dad

Question 4

in human somatic cells, 2N =

Answer 4

46

Question 5

haploid cells

Answer 5

one full set of chromosomes
And
only one set that is a combination of chromosomes from mom and dad

Question 6

Autosomes

Answer 6

carry traits that make you who you are
the first 22 pairs of chromosomes

Question 7

sex chromosomes

Answer 7

carry traits that make you who you are and determine your biological sex, the 23rd pair of chromosomes

Question 8

Karyotype

Answer 8

diagram that shows the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in a cell

Question 9

meiosis def

Answer 9

the process of cell division that makes gametes in the gonads Which produces haploid sex cells

Question 10

sexual reproduction

Answer 10

organisms that reproduce sexually fuse the genetic information from two parents to produce offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents

Question 11

Fertilization

Answer 11

the actual Fusion of an egg and sperm to form as zygote

Question 12

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 12

chromosome pair that have the same types of genes one from Mom one from Dad

Question 13

sister chromatids

Answer 13

two identical copies of the same chromosome

Question 14

purpose of meiosis

Answer 14

meiosis is the process of creating gametes

Question 15

before meiosis 1 what happens

Answer 15

Interphase

Question 16

Interphase def and parts

Answer 16

The growth phase of the cell cycle
Gap one phase = cell grows and makes proteins
Synthesis face= DNA replication occurs, doubling the number of chromosomes
Gap Two Phase= More sell growth and protein synthesis

Question 17

Meiosis I

Answer 17

The separation of homologous chromosomes
Prophase 1: nuclear membrane breaks down, centrioles separate and make spindle fibers, homologous chromosome’s pair up
Metaphase 1:Homologous chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cells in pairs
Anaphase 1:Homologous chromosome pairs separate and are pulled away to each side of the cell, sister chromatids remain attached
Telophase 1: chromosomes gather at the poles, nuclear membrane May reform, cytoplasm divides into 2 cells
Result: To halfway daughter cells with duplicated chromosomes that are different from the set and the original diploid cell

Question 18

Meiosis 2

Answer 18

Separation of sister chromatids
prophase 2: nuclear membrane breaks down, some spindle fibers form and attached to the centromeres of the sister chromatids
Metaphase 2: sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase 2: sister chromatid separate and are pulled away from each other to each side of the cells
telophase 2: Nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, spindle fibers dissolve, cytoplasm divides each cell into two cells
Result: 4 haploid daughter cells that are genetically unique

Question 19

Mitosis- what, when, where, why, how, result, type of reproduction

Answer 19

what- creation of diploid somatic cells
When- throughout your life
Where- throughout the body
Why- for growth and repair
How- PMAT once
Results- two identical diploid somatic cells
type of reproduction- asexual

Question 20

Meiosis- what, when, where, why, how, result, type of reproduction

Answer 20

what- creation of haploid sex cells
When- females: before you are born; males: throughout your life
Where- in ovaries and testes
why- to make babies
How- PMAT twice
Result- for Unique haploid gametes
type of reproduction- sexual