Unit 5: Inflammation & Tissue Repair

Question 0

Phlegmon

Answer 0

Inflammation of connective tissues

Question 1

Inflammation

Answer 1

cellular, tissue or vascular reaction to irritation, infection, or injury
•will only occur in vascularized tissue; e.g., connective tissues

Question 2

Functions of Inflammation

Answer 2

• protective defense mechanism
• isolates & destroys the invader
• cleans up the debris to promote healing
• DOES NOT include REPAIR

Question 3

physical irritants

Answer 3

trauma, burns, radiation

Question 4

chemical irritants

Answer 4

irritating gases

Question 5

infectious agents

Answer 5

virus, bacteria

Question 6

immunological reactions (autoimmune disease)

Answer 6

rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, erythromatosus

Question 8

Inflammatory Process

Answer 8

• tissue mast cells (white blood cells) release histamine
• vasodilation
• hyperemia
• formation of inflammatory exudate
• edema
• neutrophils and macrophages move toward the site (chemotaxis) to destroy debris and bacteria (phagocytosis)

Question 8

exudate + dead cell =

Answer 8

pus

Question 9

Inflammatory Process: Hyperemia

Answer 9

• brings more WBC to the area
• neutrophils (WBC) escape from blood vessel into the injured tissue by diapedesis
• phagocytosis
• suppuration (production & discharge of pus)

Question 10

Inflammation:

Cardinal Signs and Symptoms

Answer 10

• heat (calor)
• redness (rubor)
• swelling (tumor)
• pain (dolor)
• altered function (functio laesa)

Question 11

Inflammatory Lesions

Answer 11

discontinuity of tissue

Question 12

Abcess

Answer 12

localized, circumscribed accumulation of pus.

Question 13

Ulcer

Answer 13

open sore or lesion of skin (epidermis) or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue

Question 14

Vesicle

Answer 14

blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid

Question 15

Furuncle (boil)

Answer 15

Abscess or pyogenic infection of sweat gland or hair follicle

Question 16

Carbuncle

Answer 16

several communicating boils of skin and subcutaneous tissues with production and discharge of pus & dead tissue

Question 17

Pustule

Answer 17

small elevation of skin containing pus.

Question 18

Inflammatory Exudates

Answer 18

fluid mixture of proteins, leukocytes, and tissue debris

Question 19

Serous

Answer 19

clear serum-like fluid containing primarily fluid, with small amount of proteins, implies lesser injury (damage); e.g., skin blisters, cold sores

Question 20

Purulent

Answer 20

largely inflammatory cells (neutrophils), tissue debris & pyogenic bacteria (pus)

Question 21

Hemorrhagic

Answer 21

increased number of red blood cells (due to damaged leaking blood vessels), often infected, very serious condition

Question 22

Fibrinous

Answer 22

rich in fibrinogen; coagulates and forms fibrin; produces a sticky film on surface of inflamed tissue; indicates larger injury; e.g., strep throat, bacterial pneumonia

Question 23

Resolution

Answer 23

termination of inflammatory response with the affected part returning to its normal state and function

Question 24

Repair

Answer 24

physical or mechanical restoration of damaged or diseased tissue by growth of healthy new cells, not necessarily the same type, or by surgery

Question 25

Regeneration

Answer 25

replacement of tissue by identical tissue; repair that leads to restoration of normal function

Question 26

Scar formation

Answer 26

fibrous connective tissue repair, may occur in any tissue, does not restore function; e.g., brain, or heart tissue