Unit 3 Modules 4.1-4.2

Question 1

A Democratic-Republican. Third President of the US who in his presidency implemented the Embargo Act and purchased the Louisiana Territory, opening up vast lands to American exploration and development. He also helped kick out European powers in North America in the Louisiana Territory.

Answer 1

Thomas Jefferson

Question 2

US government’s 1803 purchase from France of the vase territory stretching from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from New Orleans to present-day Montana, doubling the size of the nation.

Answer 2

Louisiana Purchase

Question 3

The Supreme Court’s ability to rule on cases at both federal and state level, and determine whether they were constitutional. This strengthened property rights and reinforced the supremacy of national laws over state laws.

Answer 3

Judicial Review

Question 4

1803 Supreme Court decision that established the authority of the Supreme Court to rule on the constitutionality of federal laws. This decision also declared the supreme court’s claim of the rights to rule on the constitutionality of state laws, declaring that federal laws took precedence over state laws.

Answer 4

Marbury v. Madison

Question 5

1819 Supreme Court decision that reinforced the federal government’s ability to employ an expansive understanding of the implied powers clause of the constitution. This gave the federal government the right to “make all laws which shall be necessary and proper” for carrying out the explicit powers granted to it by the constitution.

Answer 5

McCulloch v. Maryland

Question 6

political powers granted to the US central government that aren’t explicitly stated in the Constitution. It gave the federal government the right to “make all laws (that doesn’t have to be stated in the Constitution) which shall be necessary and proper” to execute the powers given to the federal government that are stated in the Constitution. The McCulloch v. Maryland court case gave this to the federal government.

Answer 6

Implied powers

Question 7

1807 act that prohibited American ships from leaving their home ports until Britain and France repealed restrictions on U.S. trade. The act had a devastating impact on American commerce.

Answer 7

Embargo act

Question 8

Act passed by Congress in 1809 allowing Americans to trade with every nation except France and Britain. The act failed to stop the seizure of American ships or improve the economy.

Answer 8

Non-Intercourse Act

Question 9

half-brother of the Shawnee prophet Tenskwata. A Native warrior who encouraged native peoples to resist white encroachments on their territory and to give up all aspects of white society and culture. He established Prophet Town along the Tippecanoe River in Indiana Territory and united the Northwestern Indian tribes. In the War of 1812 he and other tribes joined British forces to battle against the American Army led by William Henry Harrison.

Answer 9

Tecumseh

Question 10

Fourth President of the US, and was hailed the “Founding Father of the Constitution” as he wrote the constitution and the Bill of Rights. Implemented the Non-Intercourse Act to fix Jefferson’s Embargo Act, and signed a declaration of war against Great Britain, starting the War of 1812. He was also the one who ordered Harrison’s attack on Prophet Town.

Answer 10

James Madison

Question 11

Democratic-Republican congressman who pushed and urged President Madison to declare war on the British and for the War of 1812. They held significant power in congress and were able to convince the nation to enter a second struggle for liberty against Great Britain. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun was a major part of this.

Answer 11

War Hawks

Question 12

A War Hawk in the congress that urged for the War of 1812 against the British. After the War, in 1816, he proposed the American System to unify the economics of the North, South and West, to create a second bank of the US, to create a tariff to encourage industry & limit British manufactured goods, and to improve transportation with roads & canals. He also forged the Missouri Compromise.

Answer 12

Henry Clay

Question 13

A war hawk congressman that urged for the War of 1812 against the British. He supported Henry Clay’s American System, which called for an increase in tariffs to support the American economy, but also was the Senate’s most prominent states’ rights and slavery advocate.

Answer 13

John C. Calhoun

Question 14

war between the United States and Great Britain. The war was one consequence of ongoing conflict between Great Britain and France, as each nation sought to forcibly restrict the United States’ trade with the other.

Answer 14

War of 1812

Question 15

1814 convention of Federalists opposed to the War of 1812. Delegates to the convention considered a number of constitutional amendments, as well as the possibility of secession.

Answer 15

Hartford Convention

Question 16

Accord signed in December 1814 that ended the War of 1812 and returned U.S. and Britain the lands each controlled before the war.

Answer 16

Treaty of Ghent

Question 17

A democratic-Republican from Virginia, who won the 1816 election, becoming the 5th president. He negotiated treaties that limited US and British naval bases in the Great Lakes. He claimed that South America was under the US’ sphere of influence, and that European nations could not interfere with South American affairs. He was also the president during the “Era of Good Feelings.”

Answer 17

James Monroe

Question 18

The time after the War of 1812 that gave rise to a strong sense of US national purpose and unity following the defeat of the British. In this period Federalism has almost perished, and only the Democratic-Republican ruled over America, but problems between North and South America was still growing (sectionalism) because of issues on slavery.

Answer 18

Era of Good Feelings

Question 19

Plan proposed by Henry Clay to promote the U.S. economy by combining federally funded internal improvements to aid farmers with federal tariffs to protect U.S. manufacturing and a national bank to oversee economic development; not to be confused with the American system of manufacturing.

Answer 19

American System

Question 20

Treaty negotiated by John Quincy Adams and signed by which Spain ceded all of its lands east of the Mississippi River to the United States.

Answer 20

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

Question 21

Assertion by President James Monroe in 1823 that the Western Hemisphere was part of the U.S. sphere of influence. Although the United States lacked the power to back up this claim, it signaled an intention to challenge Europeans for authority in the Americas.

Answer 21

Monroe Doctrine

Question 22

The nation’s first severe recession. It lasted four years and resulted from irresponsible banking practices and the declining demand abroad for American goods, including cotton.

Answer 22

Panic of 1819

Question 23

Bank established in 1816 that distributed national currency and regulated state banks after the First Bank of the United States’ charter expired. It ceased operation in 1836.

Answer 23

Second Bank of the United States

Question 24

1820 act that established the southern border of a state as the boundary between slave and free states.

Answer 24

Missouri Compromise