Unit 10 Modules 7.9-7.11 Flashcards
political party of the mass movement Under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the party came to power in Germany in 1933 and governed by totalitarian methods until 1945. (Nazi) Party German political party led by Adolf Hitler, who became chancellor of Germany in 1933. The party’s ascent was fueled by huge World War I reparation payments, economic depression, fear of communism, labor unrest, and rising unemployment.
National Socialists Party
Born in Austria and failed painter who used Germany’s bad economic situation to rise into power and blame Jews. He became a Fascist leader and led the Holocaust and WW2 with the Nazi party
Adolf Hitler
lightning war tactic used by Nazi Germany, which helped them win against multiple countries. This was also a military tactic calculated to create psychological shock and resultant disorganization in enemy forces through the employment of surprise, speed, and superiority in matériel or firepower.
Blitzkrieg
. The passage of this marked the beginning of a congressional shift away from isolationism. Congress passed a series of acts that, in case of a war, made it illegal for companies to sell weapons or transport goods to any nation at war, as America’s initial response to the rise of totalitarianism was complete isolationism (trade included). When the war began, Congress amended this to allow U.S. companies to sell weapons to the Allies on a “Cash and Carry” basis
Neutrality Act of 1939
coalition headed by Germany,, and Japan that opposed the French, Britain, Russia, and US in World War II.
Axis powers
Passed in March 1941 by Congress with the help of FDR. The United States allowed America to send war supplies to Allied nations and transport war-related goods to Europe using convoys. This also transformed the U.S. into an “arsenal of democracy,” and helped end the depression in America.
Lend-Lease
When FDR and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill secretly planned a war strategy if the United States entered the war, and It also laid the foundation for a post-war United Nations. August 1941 agreement between Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill that outlined potential war aims and cemented the relationship between the United States and Britain.
Atlantic Charter
December 7, 1941, surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base on Oahu Island, Hawaii, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan.
Pearl Harbor
series of agreements between the U.S. and Mexican governments to allow temporary laborers from Mexico, known as this, to work legally in the United States.Began in 1942, As men left to fight in the war and work in the factories there was a shortage of farmers. The U.S. government came to an agreement with Mexico for temporary migrant farmers to work the agricultural lands throughout the western part of the United States. This caused. This caused Zoot Suit Riots, (Riots in 1943 that broke out in Los Angeles and other US cities) As violence escalated white servicemen joined the attacks, assaulting young Hispanic males they encountered
Bracero
media icon associated with female defense workers during World War II. Since the 1940s this has stood as a symbol for women in the workforce and for women’s independence.
“Rosie the Riveter”
the forced relocation by the U.S. government of thousands of Japanese Americans to detention camps during World War II.World War II Impact on Japanese Americans: Due to the attack on Pearl Harbor, people feared that Japanese-Americans were spying or helping prepare for a Japanese invasion of America. In 1942, FDR issued Executive Order 9066, which ordered 112,000 Japanese Americans to move into camps throughout America. The Japanese in these camps faced bad living conditions and a lack of independence and rights. Japanese Americans also faced unwarranted and terrible racism along with racial stereotypes (Korematsu v. U.S.)
Japanese Internment
legal case in which the US Supreme Court, on December 18, 1944, upheld (6–3) the conviction of Fred —a son of Japanese immigrants who was born in Oakland, California—for having violated an exclusion order requiring him to submit to forced relocation during World War II. When Japanese Americans faced unwarranted and terrible racism along with racial stereotypes after WW2.
Korematsu v. U.S.
U.S. legislation adopted in 1944 that provided various benefits to veterans of World War II. This act enabled veterans to obtain grants for school and college tuition, low-interest mortgage and small-business loans, job training, hiring privileges, and unemployment benefits. This act also provided for full disability coverage and the construction of additional VA hospitals. Later legislation extended the benefits to all who had served in the armed forces.
GI
The army volunteer organization for women during World War II. US Army unit created during World War II to enable women to serve in noncombat positions. Never before had women until this, with the exception of nurses, served within the ranks of the U.S. Army.
WAC
The navy volunteer organization for women during World War II, ultimately disbanded in 1972. Established on July 30, 1942, as the U.S. Navy’s corps of female members.
WAVES
people who have religious, moral or political objections either to all wars or, less commonly, to a particular war. one who opposes bearing arms or who objects to any type of military training and service. Some refuse to submit to any of the procedures of compulsory conscription. Although all objectors take their position on the basis of conscience, they may have varying religious, philosophical, or political reasons for their beliefs.
Conscientious Objector