Unit 19 Flashcards

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1
Q

An era of tension between the USA and Soviet Union that lasted from roughly 1945 to 1990

A

Cold War

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2
Q

USA, GB, USSR agree eastern Europe will have free elections AND govt’s that are pro-Russian

A

Yalta Conference

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3
Q

President Truman demands immediate, free elections in eastern Europe

A

Potsdam Conference

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4
Q

postwar US foreign policy that sought to limit the spread of communism

A

containment

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5
Q

1st two countries where containment was applied

A

Greece and Turkey

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6
Q

program for Europe that included $13 billion in direct monetary aid

A

Marshall Plan

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7
Q

city that was blockaded by the Soviets in 1948; Truman responded with an airlift

A

Berlin

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8
Q

western military alliance in Cold War

A

NATO

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9
Q

eastern (communist) military alliance in Cold War

A

Warsaw Pact

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10
Q

political party that dominated West Germany as well as many other western European countries in the postwar era; provided effective political leadership

A

Christian Democrats

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11
Q

left-wing British party that implemented national health insurance and nationalized some industries

A

Labour Party

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12
Q

economist who believed in deficit spending to stimulate the economy in recessions

A

John Maynard Keynes

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13
Q

French economist; helped build European economic unity with the Common Market

A

Jean Monnet

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14
Q

German economist who helped rebuild West German economy

A

Ludwig Erhard

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15
Q

first attempt at economic union in Europe

A

European Coal and Steel Community (1952)

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16
Q

reduced European tariffs on all goods in member states and allowed for freer movement of labor

A

European Economic Community (Common Market)

17
Q

created the Common Market

A

Treaty of Rome

18
Q

colonial conflict that caused the downfall of the Fourth French Republic

A

Algerian War

19
Q

French nationalist leader that created the Fifth French Republic; President from 1958-1969

A

Charles de Gaulle

20
Q

process by which European nations gave up their colonies

A

decolonization

21
Q

area of Middle East Britain ruled after World War II

A

British Mandate of Palestine

22
Q

British promise to give Jews a homeland in the Middle East

A

Balfour Declaration of 1917

23
Q

communist leader of Yugoslavia who maintained independence from the Soviet Union

A

Josip Broz (Tito)

24
Q

Soviet leader who assumed power after Stalin’s death; denounced Stalin’s atrocities

A

Nikita Khrushchev

25
Q

written by Pasternak; criticized communist state

A

Doctor Zhivago

26
Q

written by Solzhenitsyn; described life in a gulag

A

One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

27
Q

rebelled against Soviet rule in 1956

A

Hungary

28
Q

rebellion against Soviet rule in Czechoslovakia in 1968

A

Prague Spring

29
Q

Czech leader of Prague Spring

A

Alexander Dubcek

30
Q

Soviet policy that vowed to crush any rebellions against communist rule in eastern Europe

A

Brezhnev Doctrine

31
Q

Scientific research backed by govt’s and corporations that could finance it with huge sums of $$

A

Big Science

32
Q

wrote The Second Sex

A

Simone de Beauvoir

33
Q

experienced major student revolts in 1968

A

University of Paris

34
Q

A relaxation of tensions b/w the West and East

A

detente

35
Q

implemented a policy of reconciliation with the east; known for asking forgiveness of the German crimes of WWII

A

Willy Brandt

36
Q

conservative Prime Minister of Great Britain who privatized British industry

A

Margaret Thatcher