Unit 15 Flashcards
battle in which Italy lost 6,000 soldiers to Ethiopians in 1894
Adowa
diamond company founded by Cecil Rhodes
De Beers
he applied Darwin’s concept of “natural selection” to ENTIRE groups of people
Herbert Spencer
the French concept that said it was their duty to spread French culture to “inferior” peoples
the civilizing mission
the British concept that said it was their duty to spread British culture to “inferior” peoples
the White Man’s Burden
British poet who popularized the notion of the White Man’s Burden
Rudyard Kipling
idea that the “New” Imperialism was caused by a desire to alleviate the social problems caused by industrialization
Social imperialism
idea that the “New” Imperialism was caused by the Europeans’ desire to protect their established interests from being seized by native peoples
peripheral explanation
critic of imperialism; said rush to acquire colonies was due to capitalism’s need to invest surplus money
J A Hobson
author whose Heart of Darkness criticized European greed and racism
Joseph Conrad
product grown in India that reversed the balance of trade between Britain and China
opium
ended the First Opium War; gave Hong Kong to Britain
Treaty of Nanking
Egyptian leader who led modernization movement and attracted European investment to Egypt
Muhammad Ali
north African colony of France
Algeria
Dutch farmer in South Africa
Boer
language of Dutch farmers in South Africa
Afrikaans
movement of Dutch farmers inland after British took Cape Town in South Africa
Great Trek
The European takeover of the rest of the African continent from 1882-1900
Scramble for Africa
conflict between British and Dutch Afrikaners over control of South Africa from 1899-1902
Boer War
British imperialist in Africa; established diamond trade and gold mines
Cecil Rhodes
British explorer who explored Congo for Belgian king
Henry Stanley
king of Belgium who conquered and exploited Congo for rubber wealth
King Leopold II
International conference on Africa that established the principle of “effective occupation”
Berlin Conference
site of massacre of British troops by Sudanese Muslims in 1885
Khartoum
site of British victory over Sudanese Muslims in 1898
Omdurman
last traditional rebellion against British rule in India
Great Rebellion of 1857
period in which Japan modernized along western lines
Meiji Restoration
