Unit 12

Question 1

tax on an imported good whose purpose it is to protect domestic industry

Answer 1

tariff

Question 2

an institution that manages a country’s currency, money supply, and interest rates

Answer 2

central bank

Question 3

invented spinning jenny

Answer 3

James Hargreaves

Question 4

invented the water frame

Answer 4

Richard Arkwright

Question 5

improved the steam engine

Answer 5

James Watt

Question 6

invented the first effective locomotive called The Rocket

Answer 6

George Stephenson

Question 7

British engineer most known for building Britain’s railway network

Answer 7

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

Question 8

British Romantic painter; painted Rain, Steam, and Speed

Answer 8

J. M. W. Turner

Question 9

an industrial fair in London whose purpose it was to display Britain’s industrial power

Answer 9

The Great Exhibition of 1851

Question 10

centerpiece of the Great Exhibition of 1851

Answer 10

Crystal Palace

Question 11

wrote Essay on the Principle of Population (1798); said population would always grow faster than food supply

Answer 11

Thomas Malthus

Question 12

said population growth would always mean that wages would sink to subsistence levels

Answer 12

iron law of wages

Question 13

his main idea was the iron law of wages

Answer 13

David Ricardo

Question 14

he promoted a customs union without tariffs for German member states, BUT high tariffs on imported goods

Answer 14

Franz List

Question 15

term for well off middle-class

Answer 15

bourgeoisie

Question 16

term for working class

Answer 16

proletariat

Question 17

workers who destroyed machines that they said were taking their jobs

Answer 17

Luddites

Question 18

wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England which said capitalism and competition brought poverty and exploitation to workers

Answer 18

Friedrich Engels

Question 19

limited 9-13 year olds to 8 hours a day; 14-18 year olds to 12 hours a day

Answer 19

Factory Act of 1833

Question 20

British law that outlawed unions; largely ignored

Answer 20

Combination Acts of 1799

Question 21

British labor movement that demanded universal manhood suffrage

Answer 21

Chartism

Question 22

ideology that promotes more equal distribution of welath

Answer 22

socialism