Unit 13 Flashcards
idea that the government should not intervene in the economy or with market forces
Laissez-faire
British reformer on sanitation; Proved disease was related to filth, lack of drainage, sewers, and garbage collection
Edwin Chadwick
Disease caused by noxious odors of decay and excrement
miasmatic theory of disease
Diseases caused by specific living organisms
germ theory of disease
helped prove germ theory in his studies on beer fermentation
Louis Pasteur
devised antiseptic principle; hands and instruments should be sterilized before surgery
Joseph Lister
1st to isolate bacteria; aided in development of vaccines
Robert Koch
French leader who commissioned urban re-design of Paris in 1860s and 1870s
Napoleon III
urban re-designer of Paris
Georges Haussmann
term for highly skilled working class; construction bosses and foremen
labor aristocracy
famous dance hall in late 19th century Paris
Moulin Rouge
physically deformed artist; depicted Parisian “underbelly” of prostitutes in his art
Henri de Toulouse Lautrec
idea that men worked outside the home and women worked in the home
separate spheres
said mental illness often had its roots in the REPRESSIVE nature of middle-class families
Sigmund Freud
experiments with electromagnetism led to developments in electric motor design
Michael Faraday
He applied this scientific way of looking at the world to human origins, which was the traditional realm of RELIGION; wrote On the Origin of Species
Charles Darwin
one of the founders of the concept of social Darwinism
Herbert Spencer
Literary and artistic movement that said art should depict life exactly as it was
Realism
Auguste Comte
He said science could solve SOCIAL problems; one of the founders of modern sociology
Emile Zola
wrote Germinal about coalminers strike; most famous of realist authors
Leo Tolstoy
wrote War and Peace, realist novel on Napoleonic invasion of Russia
Gustave Courbet
most famous realist painter
