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Medical Terminology > unit 15: Central Nervous System > Flashcards

unit 15: Central Nervous System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

I olfactory

A

sense of smell

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2
Q

II optic

A

sense of sight

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3
Q

III oculomotor

A

movement of eye muscles and pupil

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4
Q

IV trochlear

A

movement of superior oblique muscle of the eyeball

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5
Q

V trigeminal

A

sensory and motor - opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

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6
Q

VI abducens

A

movement of lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball

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7
Q

VII facial

A

movement of muscles for facial expressions

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8
Q

VIII vestibulocochlear

A

sense of equilibrium and hearing

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9
Q

IX glossopharyngeal

A

reflex control of the heart, swallowing, and taste

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10
Q

X vagus

A

voicebox, throat, windpipe, lungs, heart, and most of the digestive system

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11
Q

XI spinal accessory

A

movement of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

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12
Q

XII hypoglossal

A

movement of tongue

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13
Q

aura

A

a sensation that precedes the onset of certain disorders - migraine or seizure

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14
Q

agnosia

A

loss of ability to interpret sensory stimuli

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15
Q

amaurosis

A

loss of sight, blindness

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16
Q

analgesia

A

absence of pain

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17
Q

astereognosia

A

inability to recognize objects by touch

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18
Q

ataxia

A

failure of muscular coordination

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19
Q

burr holes

A

holes drilled into the skull during surgery to drain/irrigate an abscess

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20
Q

cerebral palsy

A

disorder of movement and posture resulting from an immature brain

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21
Q

cerebral thrombosis

A

blockage of blood flow in brain caused by a blood clot

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22
Q

chordotomy

A

to cut into the spinal cord

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23
Q

concussion

A

trauma-induced change in mental status

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24
Q

contusion

A

bruise

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25
Q

convulsion

A

seizure consisting of a series of involuntary contractions

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26
Q

craniotomy

A

incision into the skull

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27
Q

diplegia

A

paralysis of like parts on either side of the body

28
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

29
Q

dipsomania

A

craving for alcoholic beverages

30
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

31
Q

encephalomalacia

A

softening of the brain

32
Q

euphoria

A

feeling of well-being

33
Q

extradural hemorrhage

A

blood between the skull and dura mater

34
Q

flaccid paralysis

A

paralysis with loss of muscle tone

35
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one side of the body

36
Q

hydrocephaly

A

accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

37
Q

hysteria

A

experience physical symptoms that have a psychological cause

38
Q

idiopathic epilepsy

A

seizure without evident cause

39
Q

idiot

A

profound mental retardation

40
Q

imbecile

A

intermediate mental retardation

41
Q

laminectomy

A

excision of the lamina

42
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

43
Q

meningioma

A

benign tumor of the meninges

44
Q

migraine

A

severe recurring headache

45
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

autoimmune disease that causes muscle weakness

46
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

47
Q

neurectomy

A

excision of a nerve

48
Q

neuritis

A

inflammation of a nerve

49
Q

neuroma

A

tumor of a nerve

50
Q

neurotripsy

A

surgical crushing of a nerve

51
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary rapid movement of the eyeball

52
Q

nuchal rigidity

A

impaired neck flexion due to muscle spasm

53
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of lower body

54
Q

paresthesia

A

morbid/abnormal sensation such as burning, prickling

55
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four limbs

56
Q

rhizotomy

A

incision into the nerve root

57
Q

scanning speech

A

slow speech with interruptions

58
Q

sciatica

A

nerve pain along the sciatic nerve

59
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital defect in which spinal column is imperfectly closed so part of the meninges or spinal cord may protrude

60
Q

status epilepticus

A

rapid succession of epileptical spasms without intervals of consciousness

61
Q

stroke

A

sudden death of brain cells

62
Q

subdural hematoma

A

collection of blood between the outer and middle layer of the brain

63
Q

tic

A

an involuntary, compulsive, rapid, repetitive movement or vocalization

64
Q

tinnitus

A

hearing ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without external cause

65
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

sharp, stabbing pain in cheeks, lips, gums or chin

66
Q

vertigo

A

dizziness

Medical Terminology (44 decks)

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