unit 15: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

arrhythmia

Answer 1

abnormal heart rhythm

Question 2

arteriosclerosis

Answer 2

hardening of arteries

Question 3

atherosclerosis

Answer 3

fatty deposits causing hardening

Question 4

atrioventricular block

Answer 4

partial or complete block of electrical impulses to the atrioventricular node

Question 5

bradycardia

Answer 5

slow heart rate

Question 6

cardiac asthma

Answer 6

breathing difficulties due to pulmonary swelling

Question 7

cardiac decompensation

Answer 7

inability of the heart to maintain adequate circulation

Question 8

cardiac reserve

Answer 8

ability of the heart to respond to increased demand beyond its usual workload

Question 9

commissurotomy

Answer 9

incision into a commissure - site of junction between adjacent cusps

Question 10

dextra cardia

Answer 10

heart shifted to the right

Question 11

diastole

Answer 11

where the heart relaxes between contractions

Question 12

edema

Answer 12

swelling

Question 13

extrasystole

Answer 13

premature heart contraction

Question 14

fibrillation

Answer 14

rapid contractions of muscular fibrils, but not of the muscle as a whole

Question 15

flutter

Answer 15

contractions are rapid but regular

Question 16

hypostasis

Answer 16

poor or stagnant circulation

Question 17

hypoxia

Answer 17

low levels of oxygen

Question 18

infarction

Answer 18

tissue necrosis caused by lack of blood supply

Question 19

ischemia

Answer 19

insufficient blood supply to an organ

Question 20

orthopneic position

Answer 20

upright position

Question 21

palpitation

Answer 21

unusually rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat

Question 22

polycythemia

Answer 22

increase in red blood cell mass

Question 23

pulse deficit

Answer 23

difference between the apical and radial pulse

Question 24

sinoatrial block

Answer 24

failure of an impulse to the the sinoatrial node

Question 25

stenosis

Answer 25

narrowing of a passage or opening

Question 26

syncope

Answer 26

a faint

Question 27

systole

Answer 27

contraction of the heart

Question 28

tachycardia

Answer 28

fast heart rate

Question 29

analgesia

Answer 29

absence of sensibility of pain

Question 30

anesthesia

Answer 30

lack of feeling or sensation

Question 31

anesthesia block

Answer 31

interrupting the sensory nerve conductivity of any region of the body

Question 32

caudal anesthesia

Answer 32

injected into sacrum for childbirth

Question 33

epidural anesthesia

Answer 33

injected into the spine for childbirth

Question 34

general anesthesia

Answer 34

a state of unconsciousness

Question 35

refrigeration anesthesia

Answer 35

localized application of cold/near freezing temperature

Question 36

spinal anesthesia

Answer 36

injection beneath the membrane of the spinal cord

Question 37

apnea

Answer 37

without breathing

Question 38

cardiac arrest

Answer 38

sudden cessation of heart activity

Question 39

crepitus

Answer 39

crackling or crunching sound

Question 40

defibrillation

Answer 40

stopping of fibrillation of the heart muscle using electrical shock

Question 41

endotracheal tube

Answer 41

an airway catheter inserted into the windpipe

Question 42

hemorrhage

Answer 42

Bursting forth of blood

Question 43

hypercapnia

Answer 43

excessive carbon dioxide

Question 44

hypotension

Answer 44

low blood pressure

Question 45

hypothermia

Answer 45

low body temperature

Question 46

hypovolemia

Answer 46

abnormally low amount of blood in the body

Question 47

hypoxia

Answer 47

low oxygen to body tissues

Question 48

pacemaker

Answer 48

surgically implanted electronic device to regulate heartbeat

Question 49

varicosities

Answer 49

characterized by swelling and tortuosity

Question 50

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 50

very rapid, uncoordinated, ineffective series of contractions in the lower chambers of the heart