Unit 1.4b Flashcards
What does hydrophobic mean?
non-polar
How do hydrophobic signalling molecules get through the phospholipid biylayer?
The diffuse directly
What are intracellular receptors called?
Transcription factors
What are transcription factors?
Proteins that bind to DNA an either stimulate or inhibit the initiation of transcription
What do hydrophobic signalling molecules bind to?
Transcription factors (intracellular receptors)
What are two examples of hydrophobic signalling molecules and what are they?
Testosterone and Oestrogen, Steroid Hormones
Where do steroid hormones bind?
To specific receptors in the cytosine or the nucleus
Once a steroid hormone binds a hormone receptor complex what does it do?
Travels to the nucleus where it binds to specific sites on DNA
What affects gene expression?
The hormone receptor complex binding to specific sites of DNA in the nucleus
What is the DNA sequence called?
The hormone response element
What does the hormone response element influence?
The rate of transcription
What do steroid hormones have an affect on?
Gene Expression
