Ulcerative Colitis Flashcards
1
Q
Location
A
Restricted to the colon and rectum
Starts at the rectum and develops proximally
Proctitis - rectum only
Pancolitis - whole colon
2
Q
Age group
A
20-30
Males
3
Q
Histopathology
A
Continuous inflammation Non-patchy No granulomas Crypt abscess Superficial inflammation (mucosa, submucosa)
4
Q
Immunology
A
Mixed Th1 and Th2 disease
5
Q
Smoking aggrevates / is protective
A
Is protective
6
Q
Clinical presentation
A
Bloody diarrhoea Urgency Colicky abdominal pain (LIF) Increased bowel frequency Tenesmus Pt wakes up at night with symptoms Incontinence
Extra GI manifestations:
Erythema nodosum
Uveitis
Stomatitis
7
Q
Determining severity
A
> 6 bloody stools in 24 hrs + 1 or more of:
- fever
- tachycardia
- anaemia
- elevated ESR
8
Q
Investigations
A
Bloods
Plain AXR
Colonoscopy - biopsy
9
Q
Management
A
5ASA (mesalazine) Steroids Immunosuppressant's (azathioprine) Anti TNF therapy Surgery - if no medications work
10
Q
Surgery
A
Very good outcomes
Patient is cured from disease
Stoma bag
11
Q
Genetics
A
NOD2
HLA DR2
12
Q
Associated conditions
A
PSC
Gallstones
13
Q
Complications
A
Colorectal cancer
Toxic megacolon
