Abdominal organs - foregut, midgut, hindgut

Question 1

Small intestine (parts)

Answer 1

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
(DJ Ileum)

Question 2

Large intestine (parts)

Answer 2

Caecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal
Anus

Question 3

Foregut organs

Answer 3

Oesophagus to mid duodenum
Liver 
GB 
Spleen
1/2 pancreas

Question 4

Foregut Pain region

Answer 4

Epigastric region

Question 5

Foregut structures enter the spinal cord at level

Answer 5

T6-T9

Question 6

Foregut blood supply

Answer 6

Coeliac trunk

• first of the 3 midline branches of the AA
• arises around T12
• branches into: splenic artery, left gastric artery, common hepatic artery (which then gives off gastroduodenal artery and becomes hepatic artery proper)

Question 7

Foregut venous drainage

Answer 7

Splenic vein

- then drains to HPV

Question 8

Midgut organs

Answer 8

Mid duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

1/2 pancreas

Question 9

Midgut Pain region

Answer 9

Umbilical region

Question 10

Midgut structures enter the spinal cord at level

Answer 10

T8-T12

Question 11

Midgut blood supply

Answer 11

SMA (superior mesenteric artery) 
Arises around L1
- ileocolic artery
- right colic artery
- middle colic artery 
- inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery

Question 12

Midgut venous drainage

Answer 12

SMV

- then drains to HPV

Question 13

Hindgut organs

Answer 13

Distal 2/3 transverse colon to proximal 1/2 of anal canal

Question 14

Hindgut Pain region

Answer 14

Pubic region

Question 15

Hindgut structures enter the spinal cord at level

Answer 15

T10-L2

Question 16

Hindgut blood supply

Answer 16

IMA (inferior mesenteric artery) 
Arises around L3
- left colic artery
- sigmoid colic artery
- superior rectal artery

Question 17

Hindgut venous drainage

Answer 17

IMV

• drains to splenic vein
• then drains to HPV

Question 18

After the hindgut, the remainder of the GI tract is supplied by?

Answer 18

Internal iliac artery

Question 19

Marginal artery of drummond

Answer 19

Arterial anastomoses between SMA and IMA

This helps to prevent intestinal ischaemia by providing an alternative route which blood can travel

Question 20

Lymphatics of the abdomen

Answer 20

Coeliac lymph vessels
SM lymph vessels
IM lymph vessels

Question 21

Lateral branches of the abdominal aorta

Answer 21

Adrenal glands - L1

Gonadal artery - L2

Question 22

Common iliac’s bifurcation

Answer 22

L4 level

Bifurcate into internal and external iliac