Oral Cavity and pharynx

Question 1

Chewing

Answer 1

Opening and closing of jaw occurs at TMJ

Controlled by muscles of mastication (supplied by CNV3)

Question 2

Mouth closing muscles

Answer 2

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid

Question 3

Mouth opening muscles

Answer 3

Lateral Pterygoid

Question 4

Anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Answer 4

In oral cavity
General sensory: CNV3
Taste: CNVII
Papillae from lateral aspects to medial: foliate, vallate, fungiform
Filiform papillae - touch, temperature etc

Question 5

Posterior 1/3rd of tongue

Answer 5

Not in oral cavity

Taste and general sensation: CNIX

Question 6

Sulcus terminalis

Answer 6

Divides tongue into anterior and posterior parts

Question 7

Superior half of oral cavity sensation

Answer 7

Gingiva and palate

General sensation: CNV2

Question 8

Inferior half of oral cavity sensation

Answer 8

Gingiva and floor of mouth

General sensation: CNV3

Question 9

Gag reflex

sensory, motor

Answer 9

Protective 
Prevents foreign bodies from entering pharynx/larynx
Sensory
Sensory: CNIX 
Motor: CNIX, CNX

Question 10

Tongue muscles (4)

Answer 10

Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
- all innervated by CNXII 
- APART FROM PALATOGLOSSUS (CN X)

Question 11

Salivary glands 
(names only)

Answer 11

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 12

Parotid gland

Answer 12

Anterior to ear
Enters mouth opp to the second molar 
largest salivary gland 
secretes a-amylase 
CN IX

Question 13

Submandibular gland

Answer 13

Medial to body of the mandible
Enters under the tongue (via duct of wharton)
secretes serous and mucous cells
CN VII

Question 14

Sublingual gland

Answer 14

Medial to submandibular gland
Enters under the tongue
secretes thick mucous cells
CN VII

Question 15

Primary secretion of saliva

Answer 15

Acinar cells

Question 16

Secondary secretion of saliva

Answer 16

Duct cells

Question 17

Unconditioned control of salivary secretion

Answer 17

Receptors activated when food is in mouth

Question 18

Conditioned control of salivary secretion

Answer 18

Learned response

thinking about food or seeing food prep or smelling food

Question 19

Saliva secretion - Parasympathetic

Answer 19

dominant in normal saliva production
CNVII and CNIX involved
large vol of watery a-amylase saliva

Question 20

Saliva secretion - sympathetic

Answer 20

Dominant at stressful times

Small vol of thick mucous-rich saliva

Question 21

Pharynx - circular muscles

Answer 21

External layer 
Constrictor muscles 
Overlap each other 
Contract sequentially
Voluntary 
Innervated by CNX

Question 22

Pharynx - longitudinal muscles

Answer 22

Inner layer
Elevate pharynx and larynx
Contract to shorten pharynx
Innervated by CNIX and CNX

Question 23

Circopharyngeus

Answer 23

C6 vertebral level where pharynx -> oesophagus

Question 24

Muscle which closes the mouth to prevent drooling

Answer 24

Orbicularis oris