Colorectal cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Aetiology
A
Environment Red meat Processed meat Alcohol Genetics - FAP, HNPCC Predisposing conditions - obesity, polyps, IBD
2
Q
Clinical presentation
A
Altered bowel habit PR bleeding Tenesmus Anaemia Abdominal pain Weight loss Lymphadenopathy Mass Hepatosplenomegaly Distension
3
Q
Investigations
A
Barium enema
CT colonography - elderly, frail patients
Sigmoidoscopy, Colonoscopy
FOBT
4
Q
Management
A
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
5
Q
Staging of colorectal cancer
A
DUKES ABCD
A - cancer is confined to inner lining of bowel
B - cancer grown through the muscularis propria
C - cancer spread to at least 1 lymph node close to bowel
D - cancer spread to another part of the body
6
Q
Adenoma
A
Benign tumour
Dysplastic - pre-malignant, disordered
Management: remove (either endoscopically/surgically)
7
Q
Adenocarcinoma - appearance
A
left sided
polypoid
stricturing
ulcerating
