Malnutrition

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Deficiency, excess or imbalance of energy

Question 2

Parenteral nutrition

Answer 2

For patients with no gut function
IV feeding
Bypass the usual route of eating and digestion

Question 3

Devices for parenteral nutrition to get venous access

Answer 3

PICC
Tunnelled catheter
Vascuport
Portacath

Question 4

PICC line

Answer 4

Peripherally inserted catheter

Inserted into arm

Question 5

Tunnelled catheter

Answer 5

Inserted into subclavian or IJ line in neck

Long term use

Question 6

Vascuport

Answer 6

Situated underneath the skin in the subclavian area

Question 7

Portacath

Answer 7

Provides continuous access to a large vein in the body (usually SVC)
Port implanted beneath the skin

Question 8

Home parenteral nutrition

Answer 8

For chronic intestinal failure

Question 9

Enteral nutrition

Answer 9

Delivery of nutritionally complete food into the gut via NG tube insertion, NJ tube insertion, PEG etc.

Question 10

Enteral nutrition - indications for use

Answer 10

IF patient isn’t eating or drinking at all but they have a functional GIT

Question 11

Oral nutritional supplements

Answer 11

Additional snacks and/or sip feeds
For peri-op and post op patients
Dysphagia
Proven IBD

Question 12

Who needs nutritional support?

- BMI

Answer 12

BMI < 18.5
Eaten nothing for 5 or more days
Lost 10% weight in the past 3-6 months

Question 13

Re-feeding syndrome

Answer 13

As a result of re-introducing nutrition to patients who are starved or malnourished.
This an result in metabolic chaos leading to heart failure

Question 14

Re-feeding syndrome - clinical presentation

Answer 14

Hypokalaemia, hypomagnesia, fluid overload