Type II Diabetes

Question 1

4 Diagnostic Criteria
Fasting Blood Glucose > \_\_
Random glucose > \_\_ 
2 hr postprandial glucose > \_\_
HbA1c > \_\_\_

Answer 1

126
200
200
6.5

Question 2

Normal HbA1c is less than

Answer 2

5.7

Question 3

85% of Type II diabetics are ___ and this leads to ___ __

Answer 3

obese; insulin resistance

Question 4

Glucagon secretion increases in the __ state

Answer 4

fasting

Question 5

Insulin resistance may cause ___ glucose output by the __

Answer 5

excess; liver

Question 6

This hormone is elevated in type II diabetes due to decreased sensitivity of glucose on ___ cells of the pancreas

Answer 6

Glucagon; alpha

Question 7

Insulin sensitivity decreases with increasing ___ ___ fat

Answer 7

visceral abdominal

Question 8

Chronic hyperglycemia and glucose toxicity lead to

Answer 8

beta cell function loss

Question 9

TIIDM starts with ___ defect, then leads to __

Answer 9

insulin resistance; b cell function loss

Question 10

__ may be deposited in the beta cells, which disrupt their communication with alpha cells and decrease pancreas sensitivity to glucose

Answer 10

Amyloid

Question 11

The ___ effect is diminished in TIIDM (enzymes from the gut)

Answer 11

incretin

Question 12

Incretins, especially ___, help keep beta cells alive

Answer 12

GLP-1

Question 13

Classic symptoms of TIIDM

Answer 13

Hunger
Urine 
Thirst
all in excess 
- Random weight loss

Question 14

Neck skin finding for type II diabetes

Answer 14

Acanthosis nigricans

Question 15

Lowering HbA1c helps especially with __ complications

Answer 15

microvascular

Question 16

Early interventions of lifestyle (soon after diagnosis) help especially with ___ complications

Answer 16

macrovascular

Question 17

Gastric band is ___ effective than the Roux en Y diabetes control

Answer 17

less

Question 18

___ lifestyle changes are effective in fixing ___ diabetes

Answer 18

modest; pre

Question 19

Only __ is recommended for diabetes prevention

Answer 19

metformin