Molecular Basis of Type II DM Flashcards
___ is responsible for most of the glucose uptake
muscle
__ is responsible for fasting glucose output
liver
4 fucked up tissues of Type II DM
Muscle (less uptake) Liver (more output) Fat (increased lipolysis) Pancreatic B cells (less insulin production)
Rate limiting step of insulin function
transporting glucose across the cell membrane
The only glucose transporter regulated by insulin
GLUT4
The central signaling kinase in insulin signaling is
AKT4
Exercise stimulates glucose uptake by transporting GLUT4 via
AMPK
Insulin turns off the ____ in the liver after a meal to decrease gluconeogenesis
FOXO1
In the liver, after feeding, lipogenesis is done by the __ gene
SREBP1c
Selective insulin resistance in the liver means what
gluconeogenesis is affected (make too much bc signal is faulty) but lipogenesis is not affected (continue to do so with no issues)
Diabetics can have ____ due to continued lipogenesis
non alcoholic fatty liver disease
There is also a positive correlation between insulin resistance and increased plasma ___
triglycerides
Adipocytes will take up more fat from the blood via ___ during the fed state
LPL
During the fasting state, adrenergic signaling causes __ to break down lipid molecules and increase __
HSL; FFA
Insulin resistance there is increased ___ and __ release from adipose tissue
lipolysis; FFA release
